| 00:00:14 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OKAY. OUR MAIN READING THIS WEEK WAS "THE DARK PARADISE" THE HISTORY OF OPIATE ADDICTION IN AMERICA. IT'S ONE OF THE MAJOR TEXTS IN THE HISTORY OF...
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| 00:01:21 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
WAS WHITE, MIDDLE CLASS WOMEN. >> A WHITE MIDDLE
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| 00:01:25 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
CLASS WOMAN. WHY? THAT SEEMS OUT OF CHARACTER, DOESN'T IT WHEN WE THINK ABOUT DRUG ADDICTS TODAY. WHY WAS THAT PERSON -- >>
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| 00:01:42 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OKAY. WASN'T IT BECAUSE IT WAS A DRUG THAT THEY COULD USE INSIDE THEIR HOME. THEY COULDN'T GO OUT AND DRINK, THAT WOULD BE -- IT WASN'T PART OF THEIR...
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| 00:02:01 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IT RECREATIONALLY? WAS IT LIKE HAVING A BEER? >> THE REASON IT BECAME
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| 00:02:08 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IN USE IS BECAUSE IT HAS, LIKE WILLIAM MENTIONED ALREADY, THERE WERE A LOT OF MEDICINAL USES, COUGHING, PAIN ASSOCIATED WITH MENSTRUAL CRAMPS AND A WIDE...
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| 00:02:44 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION. THAT'S WHY WOMEN WERE PRONE TO BE PRESCRIBED. >>
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| 00:02:55 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
YEAH. IT'S SORT OF PSYCHO ACTIVE, CALMING QUALITIES. MEN, PARTICULARLY MALE PHYSICIANS DIDN'T KNOW WHAT TO DO WITH WOMEN SO, THEY PRESCRIBED THIS FOR...
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| 00:03:13 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
AGE 59, THE ANONYMOUS LADY OF CULTURE WHO MENTIONED MORPHINE MAKES LIFE POSSIBLE, ADDS TRUTH TO A DREAM. WHAT MORE DOES RELIGION DO? PERHAPS I SHOCK...
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| 00:03:55 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
MM-HMM. FRANK? HOLD ON A SECOND. THERE YOU GO. >> THAT'S
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| 00:04:00 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
RIGHT. IT WAS A DRUG OF YOUNGER PEOPLE. ON PAGE 37, IN THE FIRST FULL PARAGRAPH, NEAR THE MIDDLE, CHARLES EARL DESCRIBES IT AS A VICE OF MIDDLE LIFE....
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| 00:04:17 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
HOW DID WOMEN GET THEIR HANDS ON IT? DID THEY JUST SEE IT IN THE STORE ONE DAY AND THINK HMM, THAT LOOKS GOOD? NATE, GO AHEAD. >> WELL, I THINK IT GOES...
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| 00:04:31 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO THAT ONE IMAGE WE SAW AT THE BEGINNING OF CLASS WHERE IT'S PRESCRIBED FOR EVERYTHING. IF A WOMAN WENT IN WITH AN AILMENT, THE DOCTOR WOULD PRESCRIBE,...
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| 00:04:55 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
BACK THERE EVENTUALLY. KEEP TALKING. >> JUST PASSED IT. >> THERE YOU GO. >> THAT'S WHY,
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| 00:05:10 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
YOU KNOW, I ASKED YOU TO KEEP THIS ONE IN MIND. I THINK IT'S SIGNIFICANT THAT THIS IS A WOMAN IN HER DOCTORS OFFICE BEING PRESCRIBED THIS FOR EVERYTHING...
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| 00:05:31 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO JUMP TOO FAR AHEAD IN TIME, BUT THERE'S A SIMILAR -- THERE'S A SIMILAR DISCUSSION ABOUT PSYCHO ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICALS IN THE PSYCHIATRIC INDUSTRY NOW...
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| 00:06:03 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
HAS BECOME, I THINK I READ IT'S ECLIPSED, AUTO FATALITIES, THE BIGGEST CAUSE OF DEATH BECAUSE OF THE PREVALENCE OF OXYCONTIN AND THE ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS...
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| 00:06:26 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
GOT ME MOST WITH THIS WOMAN IN THIS PICTURE HERE, SHE IS DEFINITELY UPPER MIDDLE CLASS PERSON. SHE'S GOT ON A FUR, A FANCY HAT. PAGES 39 AND 41 HE...
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| 00:07:08 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
COCAINE USE, BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, THEY WOULD HAVE THIS SORT OF DEBILITATING JOB AND NEEDED A PICK ME UP. >> HOW DO THEY KEEP IT
|
| 00:07:14 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
FROM BEING STIGMATIZED FROM THE CHINESE IMMIGRANTS, THESE SUBHUMAN PEOPLE TO THIS DRUG OF THE WEALTHY AND YOU KNOW, THE WELL TO DO. >> KEEP IN MIND,
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| 00:07:27 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THIS WOMAN WASN'T GOING TO BE SMOKING IT. >> CONSUMING IT IN GENERAL. >>
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| 00:07:32 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
RIGHT. THAT WAS VERY DIFFERENT IN MINDS OF -- YEAH, IT WAS VERY DIFFERENT THAN SMOKING OPIUM. AS I GO BACK TO THE SLIDE WE ARE AT. WHAT IS MEANT BY...
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| 00:08:04 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OF 42 IS TALKING ABOUT THE TERM AND HE BREAKS IT DOWN ABOUT PHYSICIANS AND CAUSING OR CONTRIBUTING TO ADDICTION AND REFERS TO REGULAR PRACTITIONERS, NOT...
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| 00:08:30 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
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| 00:09:00 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TERM. COULD THE PEOPLE PRESCRIBING THIS, THIS SEEMS TO WORK AND THEY WERE A LITTLE MORE THAN QUACKS. FOR THE MOST PART, BY THE LATE 19th CENTURY, THE...
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| 00:10:05 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
USED BECAUSE THEY WERE COMMON ACROSS THE BOARD OR WAS IT COMMON IN WHITE MIDDLE CLASS SOCIETY? I THINK IT MADE THE LEAP YET. MY QUESTION WOULD BE, ALSO,...
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| 00:10:39 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
AMONG OTHER CLASSES OF FOLKS BUT DIDN'T USE IT BECAUSE IT WASN'T RECOMMENDED. MORPHINE WOULDN'T HAVE BEEN AS ACCESSIBLE UNLESS YOU WENT TO A DOCTOR. ...
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| 00:11:30 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
19th CENTURY ENGLAND, WASN'T IT PRETTY MUCH RECOGNIZED IN ENGLAND AS A PROBLEM? >>
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| 00:11:39 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SURE. IT WAS RECOGNIZED IN THE UNITED STATES AS A PROBLEM, TOO, BUT IT WAS STILL AN ACCEPTED MEDICAL -- >>
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| 00:11:49 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IT WAS -- AT THIS TIME IN LATE 19th CENTURY, IT WAS RECOGNIZED HERE? >> SURE. >> IT'S WITH THE WYATT
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| 00:11:58 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
EARP STORY. HIS FIRST COMPANION WAS ADDICTED TO IT. IT WAS RECOGNIZED AS UNHEALTHY. >> TO MAKE A CONNECTION NOW,
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| 00:12:15 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
YOU MENTIONED OXYCONTIN AND ALL THOSE. THEY ARE RECOGNIZED AS A PROBLEM, BUT AT THE SAME TIME, THERE'S A HUGE PRESCRIPTION DRUG FRAUD IN THOSE DRUGS....
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| 00:12:52 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
INTO SCHOOL TONIGHT, THERE WERE TWO MEDICAL EXPERTS ON A SHOW. THEY WERE TALKING ABOUT THIS SAME THING, ADDICTION TO PAINKILLERS, WITHDRAWAL AND HOW ...
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| 00:13:25 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
MM-HMM. NATE? >> WELL, I THINK
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| 00:13:30 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
PART OF THE REASON WHY THAT'S SO COMMON NOW AND WHY THIS WAS COMMON THEN IS THAT THOSE DRUGS ARE REALLY AFFECTED. THERE'S NOTHING THAT REALLY MATCHES...
|
| 00:14:09 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OUT THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN ILLNESS AND SYMPTOM OF ILLNESS. IF YOU ARE EATING CONTAMINATED FOOD, THEY ARE TREATING THE FACT YOU ARE THROWING UP. IF...
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| 00:14:27 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
YELLOW FEVER, THEY WERE NOT WELL KNOWN BEFORE THIS. THERE WAS NO WAY TO ADDRESS THEM OTHER THAN TO ADDRESS THE SYMPTOMS WHICH MIGHT BE PAIN, ALL SORTS...
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| 00:15:32 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IT WAS SO COMMON TO USE. THROUGH CIVIL WAR AND THE EARLY REVOLUTION, IT WORKED FOR PAIN. IT WOULD LESSEN SHOCK AND ALLOW A SOLDIER TO RECOVER, WELL...
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| 00:16:00 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THERE. >> SURE. CHRIS? >> IT
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| 00:16:02 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IS ALSO SAYING THEY HAD QUITE A BIT OF IT ON HANDS. THERE'S AN EXCERPT WHERE THEY SAY IT'S A TERRIBLE THING TO HAVE, BUT YOU NEED IT AT TIMES. IF THE...
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| 00:16:58 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THERE'S A GREAT DEAL OF CONTROVERSY ABOUT THAT BECAUSE YOU WOULD THINK THAT WITH THE CIVIL WAR, BOTH THE USE OF IT DURING THE WAR FOR THESE HUNDREDS...
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| 00:19:27 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
WERE GROWING THEIR OWN POPPIES AND URGING OTHER DOCTORS TO DO IT. >>
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| 00:19:35 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
YEAH. WE HAD A LOT OF HANDS UP. SEE WHERE THEY WERE. SO, YEAH, FOR A LOT OF REASONS, DOCTORS PRESCRIBED OPIUM OR OPIATE PRODUCT A LOT. THERE WASN'T...
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| 00:20:22 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THEY REVIEWED AS MEDICALLY DISEASED, IN NEED OF TREATMENT AND NOT CENSURE AND CRIMINALIZATION. >>
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| 00:20:32 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THEY WERE NICE MIDDLE CLASS LADIES, THEY WERE NOT BAD PEOPLE, JUST UNFORTUNATE TO GET
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| 00:20:40 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
ADDICTED. >> THERE WAS A FAIRLY SIGNIFICANT SUPPORT FOR MAINTENANCE SO THAT PEOPLE WHO WERE ADDICTED COULD AT LEAST GET THROUGH THEIR DAY AND FUNCTION....
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| 00:20:55 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
MM-HMM. EVEN IF YOU WEREN'T GETTING MORPHINE FROM YOUR DOCTOR, AGAIN, YOU COULD GET ALL THESE PATENT MEDICINES WHICH WERE LACED WITH OPIUM SO THAT YOU...
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| 00:21:12 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IT WASN'T IN THIS BOOK, IT WAS ANOTHER ONE, THE IDEA OF MAINTENANCE. THERE'S AN APPRENTICE AND HIS BOSS IS VERY AGAINST ALCOHOLISM AND MAINTAINING. ...
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| 00:21:54 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
PARTICULARLY WHEN YOU REALLY COULDN'T -- NOBODY COULD DO MUCH FOR THEM. >> HE MENTIONED THERE
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| 00:21:58 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
WERE SOME DOCTORS WHO GO INTO MIDDLE AND UPPER CLASS HOMES AND ADMINISTER OPIATE AND SUDDENLY THE PATIENT IS IMMEDIATELY BETTER AND THIS WOULD CREATE...
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| 00:22:23 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SURE. RIGHT. YEAH. >> HE MENTIONS
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| 00:22:29 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THIS IN THE BOOK AND I THINK IT'S WORTH POINTING OUT. THE IMAGE OF THE AVERAGE 19th CENTURY ADDICT IN CULTURE IN LITERATURE, HOW MANY OF YOU HAVE READ...
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| 00:25:21 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO THE SCENE AT THAT POINT? >> WELL, HEROIN COMES
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| 00:25:25 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
ON TO THE SCENE IN 1898 AND IT'S IN A LOT OF PATENT MEDICINES AS WE HAVE SEEN. >> BECAUSE OF -- IT
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| 00:25:33 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
WAS ESSENTIALLY SUPER POWERFUL MORPHINE, WASN'T IT? SO, IT GOES FROM BEING THIS, THE DRUG OF THE UPPER CLASS WOMEN TO BECAUSE OF HOW CHEAP IT WAS,...
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| 00:25:53 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OKAY. REMEMBER FROM 1898 ROUGHLY THROUGH THE FIRST DECADE OF THE 20th CENTURY, HEROIN IS NOT THE HEROIN WE ARE THINKING OF THAT YOU COOK AND SHOOT...
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| 00:26:14 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
ONE OF THE OTHER READINGS, THE DOUBLE MEANING OF ADDICTION, IT MENTIONS THAT DOCTORS START TO RECOGNIZE TWO DIFFERENT FORMS OF ADDICTION. IT'S BASICALLY...
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| 00:26:53 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
RIGHT. THIS IS WHAT WE CALL RECREATIONAL USE AS OPPOSED TO MEDICINAL. WHAT DEVELOPMENTS ACCOUNT FOR THIS CHANGE? BY 1920, THE AVERAGE ADDICT IS NO...
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| 00:27:31 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE CHINESE LABOR IS COMING IN AND THE SMOKING OF OPIUM IS BECOMING MORE PREVALENT AND BECAUSE THEY ARE LOWER CLASS LABORERS, THEN LOWER CLASS LABORERS...
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| 00:28:26 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THAT'S PRIMARILY NOT SMOKING OPIUM. THAT BEGINS TO DIE OUT, ACTUALLY, BY 1920. IT'S STILL, THERE'S STILL POCKETS OF IT IN THE UPPER CLASS. BECAUSE...
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| 00:28:55 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SO THE USE IS GOING DOWN, THEN PEOPLE TURN TO OTHER DRUGS LIKE HEROIN. >> OKAY. >> THERE WAS A WIDESPREAD IN THE 1920s. >> IT'S
|
| 00:29:06 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
CONTROLLED. THE ACCESS IS LIMITED AND THEY HAVE TO GO THROUGH ILLEGAL MEANS TO GET ACCESS TO IT BECAUSE THAT'S WHAT CRIMINALIZES IT. YOUR DOCTOR ISN'T...
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| 00:29:31 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO PUT TAX ON IT AS WELL TO MAKE IT SO IT'S TOUGHER TO GET. THE SMUGGLING ASPECT, IF WE TAX IT OR PUT STRICT REGULATION, IT'S GOING TO DETER PEOPLE FROM...
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| 00:29:54 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THINGS THAT I THINK JOE AND I WERE TALKING ABOUT, KIND OF THE MEDICAL DEVELOPMENT. THE MEDICAL PROFESSION STARTED TO LEARN ABOUT HOW THE SYMPTOMS WERE...
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| 00:30:30 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
MM-HMM. I THINK THIS IS AN IMPORTANT POINT THAT THERE ARE MEDICAL CHANGES, MANY OF THEM IN THE SENSE THAT NOW PHYSICIANS HAVE MUCH MORE OF A SENSE...
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| 00:32:02 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
REALIZING THAT THEY ARE PARTIALLY TO BLAME, THE WEB TALKS ABOUT THE LEGAL ASPECT OF IT. THEY KIND OF COME TO THE CONCLUSION THEY ARE THE BIG PROBLEM?...
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| 00:32:22 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THEY ARE BEATING THEIR BREASTS BUT THEY ARE CHANGING THEIR WAYS. YOU KNOW, THEY RECOGNIZE THIS IS NOT GOOD PRACTICE. THEY BEGIN TO DO OTHER THINGS....
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| 00:32:51 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
ON THE MIDDLE OF THAT BIG PARAGRAPH ON 49 ABOUT HOW PHYSICIANS THEMSELVES BECAME ADDICTED. >> YES. >> THERE WAS A BIG PROBLEM WITHIN THE MEDICAL COMMUNITY....
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| 00:33:01 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
YEAH. THAT'S ONE POINT HE MAKES. WE TALKED ABOUT IT BEFORE, IF THERE IS ONE LESSON OF HISTORY, FROM THE HISTORY OF DRUGS, ACCESS AND AVAILABILITY IS...
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| 00:33:28 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
FIELD DID HAVE IT, THEY ARE NOT GETTING THE CREDIT THEY DESERVE WITH IT WITH THE DEVELOPMENT. ON PAGE 96, HE TALKS ABOUT IN NEW YORK SPECIFICALLY, SEVERAL...
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| 00:34:11 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
A SUBSTITUTION TO IT. THE LEGAL PART OF IT, EXCUSE ME, AS WELL AS MARIA AND OTHER PEOPLE POINT OUT, THERE ARE LAWS PASSED WHICH EITHER TAX DRUGS PROHIBITIVELY...
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| 00:35:59 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OUT. THE MEDICAL ADDICTS ARE LARGELY DYING OUT AND NOT BEING REPLACED BY NEW MEDICAL ADDICTS ANYWHERE NEAR THE SAME RATE BECAUSE OF THE CHANGES...
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| 00:36:22 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
GOING BACK HOME. BUT IT'S MUCH HARDER TO GET SMOKING OPIUM THAN IT IS OTHER FORMS OF OPIUM. AGAIN, THE POPULATION THAT'S SMOKING OPIUM AND ADDICTED...
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| 00:36:43 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE FULL PARAGRAPH, ONLY THE CHINESE AND A FEW WEALTHY WHITES REMAIN STEADFAST OPIUM SMOKERS. THIS IS 1915 THAT HE'S TALKING ABOUT. SO, THE SMOKING...
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| 00:37:12 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OKAY. THAT'S WHAT I WAS THINKING, MAYBE SHIFTING FROM THE MEDICINE AL INSTEAD OF BEING ADDICTIVE. YOU ARE PRESCRIBED SO MUCH. YOU HAVE A COMMONALITY...
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| 00:37:31 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
63, TOP OF THE -- ACTUALLY, THE BOTTOM OF 62, AFTER 1870, A NEW TYPE OF ADDICT BEGAN TO EMERGE. HE'S TALKING ABOUT THE OPIUM SMOKER AND THEY WERE DRAWN...
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| 00:38:43 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
YEAH. SO THE 19th CENTURY DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE DIED OUT, CHANGED OR SWITCHED TO OTHER FORMS OF OPIATES. THEY ARE NOT BEING REPLACED AT THE SAME RATE....
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| 00:39:10 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE OPIUM ADDICTS. ON 121, THERE'S A PASSAGE HERE. IT SAYS TODAY THE NUMBERS OF NEW ADDICTIONS THROUGH PHYSICIANS PRESCRIPTIONS ARE SMALL. THE MAJORITY...
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| 00:39:44 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
AGAIN. >> RIGHT. THEY ARE NOT WOMEN. THEY ARE MEN. IT'S NOT DISTRIBUTED ALL OVER THE PLACE. IT'S NOT A SOUTHERN AND RURAL PHENOMENA. IT'S A SYMPTOM...
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| 00:40:43 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE ISSUE OF SOCIAL PERCEPTION THE TEXT ON 110 SAYS THIS IS WHERE THE TERM JUNKIE COMES FROM. YOU HAVE THE LOWER CLASS URBAN MEN WHO NEED TO FIND A WAY...
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| 00:41:22 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
HE TALKS ABOUT HOW THERE'S A DOUBLE STANDARD OF PRIVATE CARE FOR THE RICH, UPPER CLASS, PEOPLE WHO ARE ADDICTS VERSUS INSTITUTIONALISM FOR ANYONE ELSE...
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| 00:42:03 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO DELIRIUM IN PHILADELPHIA AND HOW IT'S FIRST ASSOCIATED AS AN UPPER CLASS DIAGNOSIS, WHICH IS LESS REPREHENSIBLE. IT'S ASSOCIATED WITH THE LOWER CLASS....
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| 00:42:22 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
FOR EXAMPLE THE UPPER CLASS BEING UPPER CLASS FIRST AND ADDICT SECOND. THE LOWER CLASS, WHEN COMMITTING THE CRIMES, IT'S A FUEL FOR ADDICTION. THAT'S...
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| 00:43:14 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE LEGAL RESPONSE IS, I WAS LOOKING FOR -- I CAN'T -- I HAVEN'T BEEN ABLE TO FIND IT. I DEFINITELY GOT A SENSE THERE WAS AN ISSUE OF SOCIAL CONTROL....
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| 00:43:58 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OUT OF THESE, YOU KNOW, THESE IDEAS THAT THERE'S 1,000 OR SO MUCH IN THE BIG CITIES AND LAWMAKERS ARE USING IT TO SCARE PEOPLE. >> OH, YEAH. >> THEY...
|
| 00:44:10 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
AND FIND OUT YOU ARE WAY OFF, BY THOUSANDS. >>
|
| 00:44:16 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
YEAH. THE REAL OVERESTIMATION. >>
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| 00:44:20 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
I THINK PAGE 142, ONE OF THE PROBLEMS IS HOW TO DEFINE THE CRIMINAL. WAS IT THE OPIUM CAUSING THE CRIME OR DID THE CRIME CAUSE THEM TO BE THE CRIMINAL?...
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| 00:44:52 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SORT OF WHERE I WAS GOING WITH THAT, I GUESS. WE MOVED THAT. MOVE IT BACK HERE. IS SOCIAL PERCEPTION AND LEGAL RESPONSE. WHEN IT WAS THE MIDDLE CLASS...
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| 00:46:02 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE MORAL FLAWS AND FINDING ISSUES IN THE EARLY TO MID-60s, THERE WAS AN ATTEMPT, EXCUSE ME, ON THE PART OF SOME PEOPLE TO CONNECT THE HEROIN CULTURE...
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| 00:46:33 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SURE, THERE WAS ALSO, AT ONE POINT IN PSYCHOANALYSIS, THE NOTION THAT ALCOHOLISM WAS ROOTED IN SOME DEEP HOMOSEXUAL TENDENCY, SOMETHING WAS WRONG, A...
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| 00:47:47 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
HUMANE. NUMBER TWO, AS A FORM OF CRIMINAL CONTROL, IF YOU MAINTAIN THE HEROIN OR MORPHINE ADDICTION, THEY COULD AT LEAST ATTEMPT TO LIVE A NORMAL LIFE...
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| 00:48:11 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
ALONG THE SAME LININGS, IT WAS THE WAY OF TREATING AN ADDICTION BY GIVING LIMITED CONTROLLED AMOUNTS OF
|
| 00:48:19 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
HEROIN. >> YEAH. SO IN OTHER WORDS, YOU WOULD BE UNDER A PHYSICIAN'S CARE IF YOU WERE ADDICTED, GET ENOUGH OF A SUPPLY OF MORPHINE OR HEROIN OR WHATEVER...
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| 00:50:03 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
MOST CONFUSING PART OF THIS BOOK. ALTHOUGH THE HARRISON ACT PRESCRIBED MAINTENANCE, DIDN'T THEY SET UP CLINICS? YOU COULD BE A REGISTERED ADDICT AND...
|
| 00:50:26 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE IDEA WAS YOU COULDN'T MAINTAIN SOMEBODY. YOU COULD TREAT THEM, WHICH MIGHT MEAN GIVING THEM OPIUM, BUT THE IDEA WAS TO WEAN THEM OFF. SO IF YOU...
|
| 00:51:02 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
HAD TO GET INVOLVED IN INTERPRETING THIS BECAUSE THERE WERE SO MANY DIFFERENT INTERPRETATIONS FROM COMMUNITY TO COMMUNITY ON HOW TO HANDLE THE PROBLEM,...
|
| 00:51:34 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
INVOLVED BECAUSE THEY WANTED TO. THEY COULD HAVE JUST SAID, NO, WE'RE NOT GOING TO REVIEW THAT CASE. >> SURE. >> SO THERE WAS AN
|
| 00:51:46 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IMPETUS TO DO SOMETHING ABOUT ADDICTION. THEY TOOK A RELATIVELY HARD LINE. HOW DID THE ELIMINATION OF AT LEAST LEGAL MAINTENANCE, ALTHOUGH THERE WAS...
|
| 00:52:14 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OF SO-CALLED DOPE DOCTORS. SO DOCTORS WHO WOULD MAKE MONEY OUT OF PEOPLE'S ADDICTION. >>
|
| 00:52:20 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
UH-HUH, SURE. ANYBODY ELSE HAVE THEIR HAND UP? YEAH. >> I WAS GOING TO SAY, IN
|
| 00:52:25 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
A LOT OF CASES, IT MADE IT WORSE FOR THE ADDICTS, ESPECIALLY LOOKING AT THE OTHER DOCUMENT WE HAD. FAMILIES JUST, YOU KNOW -- IF YOU HAD A DEPENDENCY...
|
| 00:53:07 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SEGUE TO THE NEXT QUESTION. HOW WAS THE ADDICTED FAMILY AN EXAMPLE OF THIS PROCESS OF A MULTI-GENERATIONAL ADDICTION PROBLEM WITHIN THIS ONE FAMILY COMING...
|
| 00:53:38 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THEY START OUT WITH THE WIFE'S PARENTS AS BEING MEDICALLY ADDICTED, THROUGH MEDICAL PRESCRIPTIONS. OF COURSE, THEY GIVE IT TO THE DAUGHTER, WHICH STARTS...
|
| 00:54:39 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
A TWO-BIT CRIMINAL CRIMINAL. THIS FAMILY SORT OF REPRESENTS THE 19th CENTURY EXAMPLE OF ADDICTION. BECKMAN SORT OF REPRESENTS THE 20th CENTURY. HE'S...
|
| 00:54:58 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO BECKMAN IS THEY BOTH GO TO PHILADELPHIA FOR TREATMENT FOR OPIUM ADDICTION. >> PHILADELPHIA HOSPITAL, YEAH. >> HE'S THE ONE
|
| 00:55:04 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
WHO HOOKS THEM UP WITH THEIR SUPPLIERS. NOW THEY CAN'T GET IT LEGALLY THROUGH THEIR OWN DOCTORS, SO THEY GET IT THROUGH HIM AND ILLEGALLY THROUGH THE...
|
| 00:55:14 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
EXACTLY. SO IT PUSHES ADDICTS FROM THE LEGAL MARKET TO THE ILLEGAL MARKET. DOES IT ALSO CHANGE THE KIND OF OPIATES OR DRUGS THEY USE AND HOW THEY USE...
|
| 00:55:38 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
START GETTING HEROIN THROUGH WHATEVER THEY CAN AND START BOILING IT DOWN. IT'S MORE EFFECTIVE AND MORE IMMEDIATE, I
|
| 00:55:46 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
GUESS. >> RIGHT. AND THEY'RE NOT SNIFFING HEROIN ANYMORE, SNORTING IT. HAS TO BE VERY PURE TO DO THAT. THEY'RE INJECTING IT. >> IN FACT, IT
|
| 00:55:58 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
EVEN TALKS AGAIN IN THE ADDICTED FAMILY, THE DAUGHTER BECOMES INFECTED WITH, OR HER WOUNDS GET INFECTED WHERE SHE'S REPEATEDLY INJECTING HERSELF...
|
| 00:56:15 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
GO TO THE BLACK MARKET, WHEN WHERE YOU HAVE TO GO TO GET THEM, WHAT YOU'RE GETTING MAY BE ADULTERATED. IT MAY NOT BE AS STRONG AS YOU LIKE. AGAIN, THIS...
|
| 00:57:29 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
YEAH, AND IT WAS MORE POWERFUL. EVEN IF IT WAS DILUTE, EVEN IF IT WAS ADULTERATED, YOU COULD PROBABLY GET HIGH OFF IT OR, YOU KNOW, KEEP FROM GOING INTO...
|
| 00:58:15 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
NOT IN THIS BOOK, BUT I THINK IT WAS IN OUR VERY FIRST BOOK, ACTUALLY. ESSENTIALLY, HE SAID IT SKIPS A GENERATION. YOU GET A GENERATION OF PEOPLE...
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| 00:58:48 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
FACTORS? THAT DOES SEEM TO BE A GENERATION GENERATIONAL THING GOING ON. PEOPLE FIGURE OUT, WOW, THIS IS REALLY BAD, AND DON'T DO IT FOR A WHILE. >>...
|
| 00:58:57 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
WHEN THERE WAS NOT AN EPIDEMIC, THERE WOULD BE NO HEROIN ADDICTS LAYING AROUND BEING MORALLY DISPICKABLE AND JAUNDICED AND NASTY AND DIRTY. SO THE...
|
| 00:59:24 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
BABY BOOMER GENERATION WAS ENTERING THE YEARS WHERE THEY WERE MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO TRYING AND STARTING HEROIN. THAT'S, I THINK, ONE OF THE EP DEP DEMMICS...
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| 00:59:40 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
19th CENTURY, AND I THINK FRANK OR SOMEBODY READ A PORTION OF THIS. THIS WAS A DISEASE OF MIDDLE LIFE. YOU GOT SICK. YOU GOT SOMETHING ELSE. YOU GOT...
|
| 01:00:04 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO MAJOR EVENTS, BUT THERE'S ALSO THE -- PARTICULARLY DURING THE '50s, THERE WAS THIS NOTION THAT HEROIN WAS A DRUG OF URBAN BLACK JAZZ MUSICIANS. WHEN...
|
| 01:01:09 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IN THE '60s AND TODAY, LIKE WITH AMY WINEHOUSE, THE CURSE OF 27 WHERE YOU DON'T LIVE PAST 27 WHEN YOU DO THAT IF YOU'RE JANICE JOPLIN OR JIMI HENDRIX....
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| 01:01:26 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
ON 153 ESSENTIALLY WHAT YOU WERE SAYING. IT'S IN THIS LITTLE QUOTE HERE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE PAGE. HE SAYS, INNER CITY KIDS WANTED TO BE HIP AND IN...
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| 01:01:49 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
DAY. >> YEAH. HE SAYS, IT WAS AS IF HENRY MATISSE HAD BEEN A USER, LOTS OF ASPIRING PAINTERS WOULD HAVE BEEN A USER. >>
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| 01:02:03 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
HE TALKED ABOUT WHEN IT WAS AN ARTIST OR SOMEONE FAMOUS, IT WAS THIS GREAT THING TO WATCH THEM GO THROUGH SOME SICKNESS AND USE DRUGS, YET IT WAS SUBJECTIVE....
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| 01:02:26 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TOO. AS FAR AS MAJOR EVENTS, THE VIETNAM WAR INTRODUCED AN ENTIRE CLASS OF YOUNG PEOPLE TO OPIATES, AND A LOT OF THEM CAME BACK ADDICTED. MY BROTHER...
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| 01:02:42 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IN GENERAL IN THE 20th CENTURY HAD A WAY OF SHAKING UP AND REDIRECTING THE USE OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS. >> WELL, WE TALKED
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| 01:02:53 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
ABOUT IT IN WORLD WAR II. THERE WAS AN ACTUAL GLUT -- NOT GLUT, BUT ABSENCE. THE GOVERNMENT JUST HOARDED THEIR SUPPLIES FOR MEDICAL TREATMENT OF SOLDIERS....
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| 01:03:08 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
AHEAD. WE'LL COME BACK TO THAT. >> GETTING BACK TO
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| 01:03:14 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE CYCLICAL IDEA, THE COUNTERCULTURE AND THE ARTISTIC COMMUNITY, YOU CAN SEE THAT VERY CLEARLY BECAUSE THE EXAMPLE WAS USING THAT YOU HAD THE AFRICAN-AMERICAN...
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| 01:04:17 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SAY BUILDING OFF THE IDEA OF THE CYCLICAL MOVEMENT AND THE SENSE THAT -- I DON'T KNOW THAT IT WAS ADDRESSED OUTRIGHT, BUT A LOT OF TIMES WHEN HE WAS...
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| 01:04:58 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO THE POINT OF WARS, CERTAINLY WORLD WAR I, WORLD WAR II, VIETNAM, DISRUPT EXISTING NETWORKS OF PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION AND THEY CREATE NEW ONES....
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| 01:06:19 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE INTRODUCTION OF OTHER DRUGS IN THERE. HEROIN WENT DOWN, COCAINE BECAME BIG. THEN CRACK. NOW THERE'S A LOT OF PRESSURE ON THAT. NOW I THINK...
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| 01:06:51 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THEM, BUT IT'S ILLEGAL TO INGEST THEM. >> BATH SALTS? >> THEY'RE CALLING THEM BATH SALTS, BUT THEY'RE -- >>
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| 01:07:07 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OKAY. THEY'RE, IN FACT -- >> YEAH. >> SO
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| 01:07:14 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE MINT ONES WILL PROBABLY NOT DO ANYTHING FOR YOU. THEY'RE BEST USED IN THE WATER. SO WHAT'S METHADONE, AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT ON THE HISTORY OF...
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| 01:07:41 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
EASES THE WITHDRAWAL WITHOUT MIMICKING THE FULL HIGH OF THE, WELL, THE FULL RUSH OF THE HEROIN. SO IT'S SUPPOSED TO ALLOW FOR MAINTENANCE. THE METHADONE...
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| 01:08:09 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
UH-HUH. YEAH, IT'S SORT OF A SYNTHETIC THAT THEY ORIGINALLY THOUGHT WAS AN ANTAGONIST TO OPIUM. IN OTHER WORDS, IT WOULD SORT OF COUNTERACT IT SO THAT...
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| 01:09:38 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
BOTTOM OF 164, THE BUREAU OF NARCOTICS ASSOCIATED IT WITH MAINTENANCE, WHICH WAS DECLARED ILLEGAL. SO YOU'RE JUST REPLACING IT, WHICH IS CRIMINAL. >>...
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| 01:09:53 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
IS, YOU KNOW, ADDICTION IS BAD BECAUSE IT CAUSES INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL HARM HARM. FOR A VARIETY OF REASONS, BOTH HISTORICAL -- THEY HAD ALWAYS THOUGHT...
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| 01:11:22 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
BECAUSE THE MEDICAL ISSUES AND SOCIAL ISSUES ARE OBSCURED POLITICALLY BY THE MORAL ISSUES? >> YEAH, I THINK
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| 01:11:32 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO A CERTAIN EXTENT THAT'S THE CASE, BUT YOU KNOW, WE STILL DON'T REALLY KNOW WHAT TO DO WITH ADDICTS. YOU KNOW, WE STILL CAN'T CURE THEM. SO I THINK...
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| 01:11:52 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO THE ANALOGY BETWEEN SOMEONE WITH DIABETES. IT WASN'T CARTWRIGHT, BUT HE REFERENCES THE GUY THAT DID. YOU CAN'T CURE DIABETES EITHER, BUT YOU CAN...
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| 01:12:26 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SURE, YEAH. I MEAN, NO QUESTION ABOUT IT. I DON'T THINK THAT'S AN EXACT ANALOGY TO SOMEBODY WITH DIABETES, BUT, YEAH. >> WHY WOULDN'T IT BE? >> I CAN...
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| 01:12:43 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
DON'T PERSONALLY HAVE DIABETES, BUT MY DAD DOES. HE'S A PERFECTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL. HE HAS DIABETES BECAUSE OF FAMILY ANCESTRY. IT HAS NOTHING TO DO...
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| 01:12:57 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SAYING IS IT'S NOT AN ADDICTION FROM THAT WHEREAS SOMEBODY WHO IS, FOR EXAMPLE, AN OPIUM ADDICT OR HEROIN ADDICT. BY THIS POINT, WE'RE TALKING ABOUT...
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| 01:13:41 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THAT ARE DIABETIC BECAUSE OF THEIR LIFESTYLE CHOICES, BECAUSE OF WHAT THEY EAT, HOW THEY EAT? >> BUT YOU DON'T BECOME AN
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| 01:13:49 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OPIUM ADDICT OUT OF THE BLUE. >> WELL, IT'S THE
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| 01:13:54 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
QUESTION OF HOW YOU DEFINE THE PROBLEM. WE TALKED BEFORE ABOUT THIS. WHAT ABOUT THE VOLITIONAL ELEMENT TO IT? DO YOU DEFINE -- IF YOU DEFINE IT AS...
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| 01:14:42 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
CHOICES OF AN AMERICAN SERVICEMAN IN VIETNAM WHERE THE AVERAGE AGE WAS 18 YEARS OLD. IN A CULTURE THAT WAS ALIEN IN A GORILLA WAR THIS PEN. THEN YOU...
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| 01:15:02 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
COMPARE IT TO ANYBODY IN HERE. I CAN COMPARE IT TO HERBERT BACK ONLY PAGE 50 WHERE HE'S TRYING IT BECAUSE HE'S RUNNING WITH HOODLUMS. >> IT'S
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| 01:15:16 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
AN ADDICTION WITH A MORAL KAUCAUSATION. THEY DO IT BECAUSE THEY'RE MORALLY BEREFT. THEY MADE A BAD CHOICE. >>
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| 01:15:22 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
RIGHT, AND I THINK THE PROBLEM IS THAT IT'S NOT BLACK AND WHITE. IT'S DIFFICULT TO FILTER THAT THROUGH TO PUBLIC POLICY, WHICH TENDS TO BE BLACK AND...
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| 01:16:09 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
HEROIN WAS AGAIN SEEN AS A LOW-CLASS ISSUE, BUT THEN OVER TIME, AND WE'VE TALKED ABOUT THIS BEFORE. IN THE '90s, IT TURNS BACK AROUND TO HEROIN CHIC....
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| 01:16:50 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
AGAIN. THERE'S ALSO, OF COURSE, THE MINOR, I DON'T KNOW HOW MINOR IT WAS, THE DIE-OFF OF HEROIN BECAUSE OF THE CONNECTION TO TRANSMISSION OF A.I.D.S....
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| 01:17:19 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
HIV TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION? ONE THING THAT HAPPENS IN INNER CITIES, PARTICULARLY WITH AFRICAN-AMERICANS, IS THEY ABANDON HEROIN IN FAVOR OF COCAINE...
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| 01:17:42 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TO WHITE MIDDLE CLASS AMERICANS. >> IT'S NO LONGER IN THE
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| 01:17:45 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
INNER CITY. IT'S INCREASINGLY IN THE SUBURBS. >> WELL,
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| 01:17:51 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THAT'S JUST SOMETHING IF EVERYBODY FOLLOWS TV ENOUGH, HOW MANY PUNK ROCK STARS ARE HEROIN ADDICTS? I COULD THINK OF THREE MEMBERS OF THE RED HOT...
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| 01:18:07 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE WAY ALL OF THIS PLAYS ITSELF OUT. FINALLY, LET'S THINK -- WE DON'T HAVE MUCH TIME, TO I'LL JUST PUT ALL THE QUESTIONS UP HERE, AND YOU CAN RESPOND...
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| 01:19:09 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
OF IRONIC BECAUSE THE SAME THING THAT WAS PLAGUING THE MEDICAL INDUSTRY AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY WAS THE CONCEPT OF TREATING SYMPTOMS AND NOT UNDERLYING...
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| 01:19:45 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THAT'S EASIER SAID THAN DONE. I THINK PEOPLE HAVE BEEN TRYING TO DO THAT. YOU KNOW, YOUR POINT IS WELL TAKEN. >> EVEN
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| 01:19:54 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE ATTEMPTS MOST OF THE TIME, IT'S USUALLY JUST AN OUTRIGHT BAN. >> UH-HUH. FRANK. >> IT WOULD SEEM TO ME
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| 01:20:01 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
FROM OUR READING HERE AND FROM PREVIOUS READINGS, WHERE THERE'S A WILL, THERE'S A WAY. IF PEOPLE WANT SOMETHING, WHETHER IT'S LEGAL OR NOT, THEY'RE...
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| 01:20:31 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
BAND-AID ON CANCER. >> I'M NOT EVEN
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| 01:20:33 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SURE THAT THEY'RE TRYING TO FIX THE PROBLEM ANYMORE. CARTWRIGHT IN HIS LAST CHAPTER SAYS IT'S BECOME MORE THAN AN ADDICTION. IT'S A WAY OF GETTING...
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| 01:20:49 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
UH-HUH. BUT DOES KNOWING THAT HELP US? IN OTHER WORDS, YOU CAN -- >> IF
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| 01:20:57 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THERE'S GOING TO BE AN INITIATIVE ON THE OHIO BALLOT THIS FALL TO LEGALIZE MEDICAL MARIJUANA, SO, YEAH. I THINK LOOKING AT THE EXPERIENCES OF PAST...
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| 01:21:52 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
TRUE. I THINK THAT ONE OF THE LESSONS THAT CARTWRIGHT DRAWS FROM THE HISTORY OF DRUGS IS THAT IT'S NOT THE DRUG ITSELF. IT'S WHO'S USING IT THAT DETERMINES,...
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| 01:24:10 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
SOCIAL PROBLEMS THAT ARISE ARISE MORE OUT OF DENYING THE DRUG TO THE POPULATION THAN WHAT -- MIDDLE CLASS MOMS WEREN'T A PROBLEM, NO MATTER HOW ADDICTED...
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| 01:24:35 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
THE QUESTION. IS THE 21st CENTURY CONTEXT FOR THIS DISCUSSION DIFFERENT FROM THAT OF EARLIER PERIODS? WE'RE NOT TALKING ABOUT A RELATIVELY SELF-CONTAINED...
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| 01:25:04 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
I FOUND WITH THE BOOK WAS HE DIDN'T REALLY INCLUDE A LOT OF ECONOMIC BACKGROUND. HE INTRODUCES THE FACT OF THE MEXICAN GLUT OF BROWN HEROIN, BUT HE...
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| 01:25:35 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
FOR THIS DISCUSSION DIFFER FROM EARLIER PERIODS? I DON'T SEE IT. YOU KNOW, YOU HAVE MIDDLE CLASS TO UPPER MIDDLE CLASS KIDS TO UPPER CLASS KIDS...
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| 01:26:08 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
CAN'T. I MEAN, THAT'S WHAT MAKES IT AN ISSUE. >> WE CAN'T FOR EVERYBODY. >> YEAH, AND I THINK
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| 01:26:14 |
Unidentified Speaker, -
JUST TO WRAP THIS UP, ONE OF THE POINTS THAT HE MAKES IN THE CLOSING PAGES, I THINK, ONE OF THE THINGS THAT IS DIFFERENT IS THERE'S MUCH MORE NOW...
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NOTE: The transcript for this program was compiled from uncorrected Closed Captioning.