| 00:00:3915 min. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Good morning. The committee will please come to order. Today we convene the first public hearing of the House Permanent Select Committee... |
| 00:16:158 min. |
Hoekstra, Peter - U.S. Representative, [R] Michigan
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Welcome, Director. It's good to have you here. This is always a very interesting hearing. It is really one of the... |
| 00:25:061 min. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Hoekstra. And I want to remind our members and witnesses that we are in open session this morning. If there is doubt about... |
| 00:27:0552 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Do I have to do something? Oh, there we go. It seems that it's on now. But it seems that there are two sets of questions that you're concerned... |
| 00:27:573 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
That is satisfactory. You can proceed. |
| 00:28:0016 min. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
All right then. Then, gentlemen, ladies, my assessment is based on the work of thousands of patriotic, hard- working, both collectors and... |
| 00:44:568 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Director, and I will save my questions for later and yield my time to the vice chair of the committee. |
| 00:45:046 min. |
Hastings, Alcee L. - U.S. Representative, [D] Florida
Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Chairman, let me congratulate you on holding this hearing and Mr. Director, Admiral, as others... |
| 00:51:043 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Hastings. Mr. Hoekstra? |
| 00:51:0740 sec. |
Hoekstra, Peter - U.S. Representative, [R] Michigan
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Director, I didn't hear you address some of the questions that I had brought up about -- you talked about the... |
| 00:51:476 min. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Yes, sir. Let me turn to some of these organizational issues and management issues. First, on diversity, raised by Congressman Hastings,... |
| 00:58:263 sec. |
Hoekstra, Peter - U.S. Representative, [R] Michigan
Thank you, Mr. Director. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. |
| 00:58:2912 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Hoekstra. Mr. Tierney? Mr. Tierney is not here? Then, Mr. Thompson. |
| 00:58:415 min. |
Thornberry, William "Mac" McClellan - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Director, thank you very much for being here. I had a couple of comments and a couple of questions. I want to reiterate... |
| 01:03:516 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Mr. Director, if you will take a couple of his points and then answer the rest for the record so that we have enough time for members to... |
| 01:03:5737 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Very -- I'll just go quickly. An integrated Pakistan strategy is what we are working on right now in the administration. We are part of... |
| 01:04:3419 sec. |
Thornberry, William "Mac" McClellan - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
Thank you, Chairman. Director, in your statement, you say that sustained pressure against al Qaeda in the FATA has the potential to further... |
| 01:04:532 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
They get stronger. |
| 01:04:554 sec. |
Thornberry, William "Mac" McClellan - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
And does the threat that it poses to us grow? |
| 01:04:59 |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Yes. |
| 01:04:5927 sec. |
Thornberry, William "Mac" McClellan - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
You say a few pages later in the statement that al Qaeda leaders use this tribal area as a base from which to avoid capture, produce propaganda,... |
| 01:05:2634 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Right now, that is where their headquarters is, Mr. Thornberry. And they've operated from other places in the past. In Africa, there... |
| 01:06:0015 sec. |
Thornberry, William "Mac" McClellan - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
But based on your previous answer, my impression is that you believe it's important to keep that pressure on in this area, understanding... |
| 01:06:153 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
And that would be better for us. When they're moving, they're more vulnerable. |
| 01:06:1832 sec. |
Thornberry, William "Mac" McClellan - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
Okay, that'd be better. Let me switch briefly to Iraq. The president said last night -- he talked about ending the war, withdrawing troops.... |
| 01:06:5012 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
There's an intelligence basis for the decisions that the administration is in the process of making and hasn't quite announced yet. And... |
| 01:07:0254 sec. |
Thornberry, William "Mac" McClellan - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
Okay, well, just thinking back, my perception is that in the course of Iraq, situations have changed on the ground and we were slow to recognize... |
| 01:07:5660 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Sir, I think the intelligence community has two roles in this policy process. Number one is where we are with a lot of policies with this... |
| 01:08:5610 sec. |
Thornberry, William "Mac" McClellan - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
Well, I'd just say we all welcome it. And we all need that -- the best judgments that our community can provide. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.... |
| 01:09:062 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Thornberry. Mr. Boren. |
| 01:09:082 min. |
Boren, David "Dan" - U.S. Representative, [D] Oklahoma
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I want to congratulate you, Director Blair, on your new position. I know you'll do a fabulous job. I have a few... |
| 01:11:2956 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Sir, on the first question, any time that there is a executive branch action body like out of the Department of Defense or the Department... |
| 01:12:254 sec. |
Boren, David "Dan" - U.S. Representative, [D] Oklahoma
Okay, I look forward to working with you in the future. And I yield back, Mr. Chairman. |
| 01:12:293 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Boren. Mr. Miller? |
| 01:12:3221 sec. |
Miller, Jeff - U.S. Representative, [R] Florida
Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I too will be working with my colleague, Mr. Boren, in focusing on the continent of Africa as well... |
| 01:12:5311 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I can tell you, as an intelligence assessment, that the damage it has done to the international American reputation makes it difficult for... |
| 01:13:044 sec. |
Miller, Jeff - U.S. Representative, [R] Florida
That's a political reason but not an operational reason. |
| 01:13:088 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I mean, it's a realistic reason. Countries won't deal with us. Our popularity is down. We don't have blue chips to trade for other things... |
| 01:13:1612 sec. |
Miller, Jeff - U.S. Representative, [R] Florida
Thirty days ago, the president did sign the executive order to close Guantanamo. What consultation was done with the intelligence community... |
| 01:13:2817 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Full consultation, meetings with the officials at the CIA, representatives in the drafting committees that draft the executive orders. There... |
| 01:13:4539 sec. |
Miller, Jeff - U.S. Representative, [R] Florida
In looking at your opening statement, I didn't see anywhere in the statement -- and if I missed it, I apologize -- that you talk about a... |
| 01:14:2433 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
You mentioned that yesterday, Congressman Miller. And I've been giving some thought to it. The primary objective of al Qaeda in the United... |
| 01:14:5710 sec. |
Miller, Jeff - U.S. Representative, [R] Florida
Thank you, sir. And moving to Pakistan, the Zardari government, does he have the full support of the Pakistani army right now? |
| 01:15:072 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
President Zardari? The Pakistani army? |
| 01:15:094 sec. |
Miller, Jeff - U.S. Representative, [R] Florida
Of the army. |
| 01:15:1315 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I talked with General Kayani about two days ago. And he supports his president, so that much is sure. And that much is important. |
| 01:15:287 sec. |
Miller, Jeff - U.S. Representative, [R] Florida
What is the intelligence community's assessment of the stability right now in Pakistan that you can give in an unclassified setting? |
| 01:15:3534 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I'd rather give details in a closed session, if I might, Congressman Miller. But it is one of the countries that we feel is dealing with... |
| 01:16:0934 sec. |
Miller, Jeff - U.S. Representative, [R] Florida
You know, one of the -- I think, one of the biggest disappointments that I've had in watching what's happened in Afghanistan in particular... |
| 01:16:4353 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I've watched various campaigns over the years against both opium crops and against cocaine problems. And it seems that they are -- they... |
| 01:17:362 sec. |
Miller, Jeff - U.S. Representative, [R] Florida
Thank you, sir. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. |
| 01:17:382 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Miller. Mr. Schiff? |
| 01:17:404 min. |
Schiff, Adam B. - U.S. Representative, [D] California
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Director, thank you for being with us. I wanted to follow up a bit on our conversation yesterday on the detainee... |
| 01:21:501 min. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Yes, sir. As you know, one of the three executive orders is directed to exactly the question that you raised: What do we do going forward,... |
| 01:23:48 |
Schiff, Adam B. - U.S. Representative, [D] California
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. |
| 01:23:485 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Schiff. Mr. Conaway? |
| 01:23:5317 sec. |
Conaway, K. "Mike" Michael - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Admiral, welcome aboard. I just got here as well, so looking forward to this service. You mentioned a phrase... |
| 01:24:102 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I must have either said it wrong or -- |
| 01:24:124 sec. |
Conaway, K. "Mike" Michael - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
You said the intent of al Qaeda in America is to |
| 01:24:162 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Oh, oh, I'm sorry. The intent of al Qaeda in America as a target -- |
| 01:24:182 sec. |
Conaway, K. "Mike" Michael - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
Okay, thank you. |
| 01:24:2011 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
But there are, in fact, al Qaeda sympathizers in this country who would be involved in such an attack. So no, we haven't formed a phrase... |
| 01:24:3152 sec. |
Conaway, K. "Mike" Michael - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
All right. America-bashing is a very popular sport -- always will be -- I mean, envy is something that I think it's involved. You know,... |
| 01:25:2342 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I'm going to step out of my intelligence role for just a second, because I've been sort of in the operational role, and say there's going... |
| 01:26:0537 sec. |
Conaway, K. "Mike" Michael - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
Okay. And I understand there's a tension there, but as long as we can't use that as our own excuse to do something that's not in our own... |
| 01:26:421 min. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Unfortunately, many of those Cold War systems are aging out, like satellites and things like that, and need to be replaced. And we're in... |
| 01:27:4423 sec. |
Conaway, K. "Mike" Michael - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
In that regard, and again, you've only been there a very short period of time, are there gaps that you would feel comfortable talking about... |
| 01:28:075 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Yes, sir, there are gaps. I'd rather talk about them in closed session, if I might. |
| 01:28:125 sec. |
Conaway, K. "Mike" Michael - U.S. Representative, [R] Texas
All right. Admiral Blair, I'm looking forward to working with you. Thank you for it, and I yield back. |
| 01:28:175 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Conaway. Mr. Langevin? |
| 01:28:222 min. |
Langevin, James "Jim" - U.S. Representative, [D] Rhode Island
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Director, thank you for being here and for your service. I want to turn my attention to the... |
| 01:31:042 min. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Thank you very much. I think there's one key aspect of this future cyber strategy which this committee and your counterpart in the other... |
| 01:33:3838 sec. |
Langevin, James "Jim" - U.S. Representative, [D] Rhode Island
And I know my time was expired, but I just want to say that I agree with your assessment about the NSA. I think that a great disservice... |
| 01:34:1625 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Langevin. Before I go to Mr. Kline, I just want to remind members, we'll probably be voting between 11:00 and 11:30. We should... |
| 01:34:4155 sec. |
Kline, John - U.S. Representative, [R] Minnesota
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Good morning, director, welcome. I want to pick up, if I can, with the discussion we had yesterday to the extent... |
| 01:35:3630 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Yes, sir. I would like to clear that up. The executive order specifies that the Army Field Manual will be the basis for interrogation techniques... |
| 01:36:0623 sec. |
Kline, John - U.S. Representative, [R] Minnesota
Thank you. I just wanted to kind of get that on the record because I believe what your answer is, is that we do not know right now what... |
| 01:36:292 min. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
To review. To review. But right now, pending that review, the Army Field Manual techniques do apply to the intelligence community. So... |
| 01:38:511 min. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I am -- that's a high-priority problem and I've looked into it in some depth in my first few weeks on the job because of the importance.... |
| 01:40:394 sec. |
Kline, John - U.S. Representative, [R] Minnesota
Thank you. And I'm looking forward to that visit. Again, welcome aboard. I yield back. |
| 01:40:433 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Kline. Ms. Schakowsky? |
| 01:40:463 min. |
Schakowsky, Janice "Jan" - U.S. Representative, [D] Illinois
Mr. Chairman and ranking member. First let me thank you so much for having this open hearing. I think it is incredibly useful for the American... |
| 01:44:051 min. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Ma'am, on Bagram, I think the exact same sort of issues are there as -- not the exact same -- but many of the same issues there as are being... |
| 01:45:114 sec. |
Schakowsky, Janice "Jan" - U.S. Representative, [D] Illinois
Thank you. |
| 01:45:155 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Ms. Schakowsky. Mr. Ruppersberger. |
| 01:45:203 min. |
Ruppersberger, C.A. "Dutch" - U.S. Representative, [D] Maryland
Yeah, I'd like to get back into the area of cyber-security. Mr. Langevin brought up the issue. It's something extremely important to our... |
| 01:48:2635 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I agree with you that we need to have open descriptions of some of the damage that has been caused by recent attacks. And I'm sure, having... |
| 01:49:0113 sec. |
Ruppersberger, C.A. "Dutch" - U.S. Representative, [D] Maryland
It could be al Qaeda; it could be other countries. One thing I'm going to point out, though, that I think is important since this is a public... |
| 01:49:1418 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I think you have that right. Yes, sir. We play a big role in the Internet. As you know, it's an international body that governs it. I think,... |
| 01:49:32 |
Ruppersberger, C.A. "Dutch" - U.S. Representative, [D] Maryland
Partnership. |
| 01:49:3247 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Partnership to move forward because the owners of most of the servers and fiberoptic cables and all are private companies. On that front,... |
| 01:50:195 sec. |
Ruppersberger, C.A. "Dutch" - U.S. Representative, [D] Maryland
Well, there's a lot of work to do and I look forward to working with you. |
| 01:50:24 |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Sure. |
| 01:50:2421 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Ruppersberger. Votes have just been called and I would remind members that the new policy is they'll go two minutes beyond... |
| 01:50:451 min. |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
HOLT (D-NJ): Thank you, Mr. Chairman. And, Mr. Director, again, congratulations. You have a lot of the skill and background necessary to... |
| 01:52:2560 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
For those questions, I'm reminded of that song, "Some kind of help is the kind of help that help is all about and some kind of help is the... |
| 01:53:255 sec. |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
So, more specifically, was it appropriate in those circumstances that I mentioned? I think you know what I'm talking about. |
| 01:53:3014 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Right. And on that question of fully and currently informing the committees, I follow the law, Congressman Holt. It says that this committee... |
| 01:53:4417 sec. |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
So you would do it differently. In other words, it was inappropriate, you're saying, not to brief Congress about that surveillance program?... |
| 01:54:0131 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I'd really rather talk about going forward rather than looking back because that's what I can affect, sir. And I will be leaning forward.... |
| 01:54:3215 sec. |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
Yeah, which -- what I'm talking about, I just want to set some benchmarks here because what I'm talking about, you know, we were not briefed... |
| 01:54:475 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
There is no case that I know of in which no one should be briefed about an intelligence activity in this Congress. |
| 01:54:526 sec. |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
That helps. How am I doing on time, Mr. Chairman? |
| 01:54:58 |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Less than a minute. |
| 01:54:581 min. |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
Less than a minute. Well, let me ask for the record, then, you've listed a number of specifics. If you were to look at all of the risks,... |
| 01:55:598 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
If you can hit just a couple of those because I want to leave time for Ms. Eshoo so we finish up the open session. |
| 01:56:0731 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
I'll just say quickly that the greatest threats I think do lay in that convergence between non-state actors and weapons of mass destruction.... |
| 01:56:386 sec. |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
So if you could look at the top three later and tell us how you think the match of resources, the allocation of resources matches? |
| 01:56:44 |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
Yes, sir. |
| 01:56:442 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Ms. Eshoo. |
| 01:56:462 min. |
Eshoo, Anna G. - U.S. Representative, [D] California
Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Good morning, Mr. Director. The last question really segues very well into mine: I think the ultimate nightmare... |
| 01:59:051 min. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
On those two questions, ma'am, on A.Q. Khan, I'd rather answer in closed session in more detail. But it deserves an answer in open forum,... |
| 02:00:0926 sec. |
Eshoo, Anna G. - U.S. Representative, [D] California
But there's a whole pool of expertise that has existed within the intelligence community. And so I think maybe we need to follow up on that... |
| 02:00:3514 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Ms. Eshoo. And there is less than four minutes left but 400 members yet to show up to vote. So we will at this point conclude... |
| 02:00:494 sec. |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
Mr. Chairman, since there seems to be a moment, may I follow up on -- |
| 02:00:53 |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Very briefly. |
| 02:00:5332 sec. |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
Very briefly. There is precedent for making the intelligence community resources available for climate change studies, the so-called MEDEA... |
| 02:01:256 sec. |
Blair, Dennis C. - Director
That's a good question. Let me look into that and get back to you and Congressman Eshoo, please, since I don't have that on the tip of my... |
| 02:01:31 |
Holt, Rush - U.S. Representative, [D] New Jersey
Thank you. |
| 02:01:3117 sec. |
Reyes, Silvestre - U.S. Representative, [D] Texas
Thank you, Mr. Holt. And thank you, Director Blair. And with that, the open hearing is adjourned. And we will reconvene after votes for... |