| 00:00:4412 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Jessica Stern, author of "Terror in the Name of God," it says right under your picture, "Jessica Stern, the foremost U.S. expert on terrorism." I`m... |
| 00:00:562 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
You`re right. I did not. |
| 00:00:584 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What do you think about that, when somebody calls you "the foremost expert on terrorism"? |
| 00:01:0234 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, that was obviously someone in the public relations part of my publisher. There are many experts on terrorism. Terrorism is such a complicated... |
| 00:01:368 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
I want to go into some detail about your background. But first, before we do that, how many different countries did you go to to write this book? |
| 00:01:4414 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I started out in the U.S. and -- talking to terrorists in the U.S., and I went to Pakistan, Indonesia, India, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine. |
| 00:01:581 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Over how many years? |
| 00:01:592 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
About five years. |
| 00:02:016 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
And when did you write the last word for this book? Do you remember the date, roughly? |
| 00:02:077 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, the last edits were probably June -- May or June. |
| 00:02:145 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Your background includes working for Bill Clinton. Doing what? |
| 00:02:197 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Working at the National Security Council on -- essentially, on nuclear smuggling and terrorism. |
| 00:02:263 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Council on Foreign Relations. Doing what? |
| 00:02:2914 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I was the Super-Terrorism Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations -- I did not come up with that title -- working on a book on the prospect for terrorists... |
| 00:02:432 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
At the Hoover Institution, doing what? |
| 00:02:454 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Also working on that same book. I take a long time to write books. |
| 00:02:495 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
And your background includes -- where were you born, and where`d you go to college? |
| 00:02:546 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I was born in New Rochelle, New York, and I went to Barnard College. |
| 00:03:002 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Studied what? |
| 00:03:021 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Chemistry. |
| 00:03:038 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
And what would you say got you interested enough to try to find terrorists around the world to talk to? And where does that come from? |
| 00:03:1133 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, I had been working on a book for which -- I was actually well trained to write my last book, the prospect for terrorists to use weapons of mass... |
| 00:03:4434 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And while I was researching that book, it occurred to me that a number of the operatives, terrorists who had thought about acquiring or actually acquired... |
| 00:04:1843 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And one of the first conversations I had was with a man, Kerry Noble, who had been second in command of a violent identity Christian cult. And this... |
| 00:05:0121 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And I went out to see him in Texas and got even more curious and then really wanted to learn about this and went many times to Pakistan, where, as you... |
| 00:05:222 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What`s a jihadi group? |
| 00:05:2445 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, many of the groups in Pakistan that call themselves jihadi groups are active both -- were active in Afghanistan and continue to be active in Kashmir.... |
| 00:06:0921 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And also, these groups are very closely aligned with al Qaeda. Some are members, as I said, of bin Laden`s international Islamic front, and many are... |
| 00:06:307 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Other background. You say in the text in the book that you did a project that was supported by Ted Turner. What was that? |
| 00:06:3748 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Oh, Ted Turner founded an organization called the Nuclear Threat Initiative, and I was involved in helping to formulate a sort of vision for that organization... |
| 00:07:2534 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I went to Pakistan. Scott went to India. The Pakistanis were very forthcoming and really actually wanted assistance with personnel reliability, in particular.... |
| 00:07:595 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
You say in the first page of your introduction, "People have always told me their secrets." |
| 00:08:042 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes, they have. |
| 00:08:061 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
From childhood? |
| 00:08:072 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Probably, yes. |
| 00:08:09 |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Why? |
| 00:08:096 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I don`t know. Maybe if we weren`t on TV, you would start telling me your secrets! |
| 00:08:151 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
(LAUGHTER) |
| 00:08:1615 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I`m not really sure. People just -- almost immediately -- I mean, even taxi drivers, who haven`t, you know, had -- it`s not -- I`m not casting a spell... |
| 00:08:312 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What benefit has that been to you? |
| 00:08:3338 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, in investigating why terrorists do what they do, it`s been an extraordinary benefit. The jihadi groups in Pakistan, for example, have told me... |
| 00:09:1126 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
So it became very clear to me early on that terrorist groups are more pragmatic than we assume, in the sense that they have objectives, but we shouldn`t... |
| 00:09:3711 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
You teach at Harvard, and at the end of your introduction, you say, "I had to present the project to the standing committee on the use of human subjects... |
| 00:09:4851 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, anytime research at a university could potentially put the subject at risk, the scholar must go before the committee and demonstrate that the... |
| 00:10:397 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Did that scare you at any point? Not the committee, but the Kalashnikov? |
| 00:10:4611 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes. Not so much the Kalashnikovs themselves, but I did feel -- I can`t say that I didn`t feel scared sometimes. |
| 00:10:5711 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
You had a knock on your door, and you said, Who`s there? And they said, Room service. And you said things -- your knees started to knock after that... |
| 00:11:0828 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I was in Lahore in Pakistan, and it was -- this was the first time that I was meeting with jihadi groups in 1999. And I had just met with a group from... |
| 00:11:3628 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I had met with them for them to decide whether it was OK for me to meet their leader. They wanted to make sure that I wasn`t there to kill their leader.... |
| 00:12:0425 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And I think I have gotten to know this group over the years, and I think, at this point, they actually believe that I am who I say I am. I think they... |
| 00:12:2932 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And I had brought some clothing. I needed to wear Pakistani clothing, and I had sent it to be pressed. And they were delivering my laundry in the middle... |
| 00:13:0147 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
As I say in the book, I felt in the perhaps 10 minutes that it took to figure out what was going on that I lost five pounds. I mean, I was just so,... |
| 00:13:483 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Why do they hate Jews so much? |
| 00:13:5125 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Oh, I think Tom Lehrer said it best, "Everyone hates the Jews." I don`t -- I mean, what was interesting about being in Pakistan at that point is that... |
| 00:14:1630 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
They had ideas about Jews, interestingly, that they in some cases picked up from neo-Nazi Web sites in the United States. I noticed that this particular... |
| 00:14:4628 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I pointed out to them that I knew where they got that list, that they had gotten from American neo-Nazis and that it was filled with mistakes and they... |
| 00:15:1418 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
In the middle of August, 2003, an F-16 flown by an Israeli flew over the Gaza strip and killed someone that you talked to for this book. I`ll try to... |
| 00:15:32 |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Right. |
| 00:15:322 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Who was he? And why was he killed? |
| 00:15:3418 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Abu Shanab was a senior political leader in Hamas. And he was actually also an engineer who had been trained in the United States, and he was the head... |
| 00:15:522 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Which university in the States? |
| 00:15:542 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He had studied in Colorado. |
| 00:15:561 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Colorado. University of Colorado? |
| 00:15:5738 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes. And I believe another university, as well, although I`m not sure about that. He only mentioned to me Colorado. And he was a political leader, as... |
| 00:16:3527 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And he also told me that while he was in prison for his activities, he started thinking about the different personality types of the prisoners, people... |
| 00:17:0222 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
It turns out that it`s very difficult to kill at close range, and a very small other population that human beings really have trouble with this. They... |
| 00:17:241 min. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He said that those who use a rifle are trained -- that it requires training to learn how to be a shooter -- but that the person who blows up a bomb,... |
| 00:18:273 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Let me step back a little bit. Hamas is what? |
| 00:18:3023 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Hamas is a Islamist group that has several wings, a terrorist wing that is involved in killing innocent Israeli civilians quite regularly, a social... |
| 00:18:531 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Based where, though? |
| 00:18:5437 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
... based in Palestine -- providing all kinds of social welfare, after-school activities for children, all kinds of clubs, sports activities for children,... |
| 00:19:311 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Where do they get their money? |
| 00:19:3222 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, they seem to get money from charitable donations in many parts of the world, including in the United States, and of course, in Saudi Arabia and... |
| 00:19:544 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
How many years has Hamas been operating? |
| 00:19:582 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Many years. Many years. |
| 00:20:001 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Thirty, twenty? |
| 00:20:0116 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
It began seriously in the late `80s, but it comes out of a movement that is quite old. It really comes out of the Muslim Brotherhood, that goes way... |
| 00:20:171 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Back to Egypt. |
| 00:20:185 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Based in Palestine. How many people are involved in it, do you know? |
| 00:20:2356 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I`m afraid I don`t know, and I think the number shifts quite a bit. The military wing is a relatively small part of Hamas. Its goals are really more... |
| 00:21:192 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What year did you talk to Abu Shanab? |
| 00:21:213 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Oh, dear. I think it was 2000. |
| 00:21:241 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
And... |
| 00:21:251 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
You may remember better than I do. |
| 00:21:261 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
How did you get there? |
| 00:21:2714 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I had gone to Jordan, hoping to talk to Hamas, and had to reveal my name, which is a Jewish name, Stern. And Hamas was not willing to talk to me. I... |
| 00:21:419 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
By the way, if I remember right, that`s the only time I read in the book that the Islamic folks or Hamas wouldn`t talk you to, a Jew. |
| 00:21:501 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
That`s right. |
| 00:21:511 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
One time only? Is that the only time it happened? |
| 00:21:5249 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
That`s correct. That`s correct. I didn`t have to reveal my name in every case. And this is what happened with Hamas. I decided that the best approach... |
| 00:22:416 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
You were in Jordan, and you had to go all the way across Israel to get to Gaza. |
| 00:22:471 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Right. |
| 00:22:48 |
Lamb, Brian - Host
How did you do that? |
| 00:22:4816 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I took a bus, and then from Jerusalem, I hired a car. And then at the border crossing, I walked across the border, and there I was actually met by a... |
| 00:23:041 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Anybody traveling with you? |
| 00:23:0516 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I had with me -- yes, a Swede came with me, someone who was also interested in talking to Hamas. And I hired a translator who was a student in the United... |
| 00:23:211 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
She was from Saudi Arabia. |
| 00:23:221 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
That`s right. |
| 00:23:231 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Her name. |
| 00:23:244 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I am not going to tell you her name. She`s asked that I not reveal it. |
| 00:23:28 |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Don`t you use her name in the book? |
| 00:23:282 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I use a false name. |
| 00:23:301 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
A false name? |
| 00:23:3111 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes. And I make that clear. In most cases, people allowed me to use their name, but in this case, she requested that I not reveal her name or even the... |
| 00:23:424 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Now, this was before the suicide bombings, wasn`t it, when you met with Abu Shanab? |
| 00:23:467 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
It was before the recent spate. But no, there had been many suicide bombings, by that point. |
| 00:23:533 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
In the year 2000, though, you met with him where? |
| 00:23:564 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I met with him in his office. |
| 00:24:002 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Why did he meet with you? Do you have any idea? |
| 00:24:0232 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He was very interested in persuading Americans that Hamas had noble objectives, that its goals were legitimate -- and in fact, some of their goals are... |
| 00:24:3433 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And this is typical of what we see in a very weak state or a failed state. A terrorist group can really step in where the state is failing, can provide... |
| 00:25:0721 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And it was actually at that point when I was in Gaza that a member of the Palestinian authority said that to me. He said that the distinctions between... |
| 00:25:2827 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Now, I don`t believe that applies to the senior political leaders -- for example, Abu Shanab or Dr. Rantissi. They told me that they had -- everyone... |
| 00:25:553 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
So he`s dead today and... |
| 00:25:581 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He`s dead. |
| 00:25:5919 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Yes. And the Israelis killed him. What was the -- it goes back to -- you don`t agree with that "tit for tat," the idea that Hamas sends a suicide bomber... |
| 00:26:1841 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I think it`s very complicated. I think if Palestine was a country and the two countries were at war, it might be legitimate. It might be legitimate.... |
| 00:26:592 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What was your reaction when you heard he had been killed? |
| 00:27:0110 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I thought it was counterproductive. I can`t say that I... |
| 00:27:111 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Did he think he was going to be killed? |
| 00:27:1247 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I think he felt willing. I don`t think that he was prepared to deliberately put himself at risk. You know, the truth is, I don`t know what he was doing.... |
| 00:27:5938 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
But at the same time, I can`t -- I think maybe you`re wanting to know whether I felt devastated that this person I had spoken with had died. I didn`t... |
| 00:28:3727 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
You have a quote in here from somebody named Sheikh -- I don`t know if this is -- Younis al-Astal, a Hamas leader. And it`s, "A believer should never... |
| 00:29:0417 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
But also in your book, you discuss the business of money and the fact that the poor people are the ones sent in to blow themselves up and the leaders... |
| 00:29:2142 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, the first thing to point out is that poverty in and of itself, as far as I can tell, does not cause terrorism. If it did, I think we`d see a lot... |
| 00:30:0338 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
The extremist madrassas which, of course, represent a relatively small proportion of religious seminaries, which are known as madrassas in Pakistan,... |
| 00:30:4139 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And I did meet with a number of mid-level managers who discovered that their leaders were making a killing, that their leaders were getting really,... |
| 00:31:2029 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
There have been a number of cases where young men have died and the parents have tried to go after the jihadi groups. And so, that is how I think the... |
| 00:31:494 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
How many madrassas are there in the United States, do you have any idea? |
| 00:31:5336 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
No, I don`t know. The figure in Pakistan -- there are many figures. A figure that was given to me by a leader, a Pakistani leader who had his own very... |
| 00:32:2910 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Well, we keep hearing from people on television, talking about the situation around the world that the Saudis are funding the madrassas in this country... |
| 00:32:391 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
In Pakistan, I think. |
| 00:32:407 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
And here, too, where they feed this anti-Americanism all the time. Do you buy off on that? |
| 00:32:4740 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I buy off on that completely. I have never studied madrassas in the United States. I`d have to defer to those who have, but I have no doubt that it`s... |
| 00:33:2727 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Until recently, I think, it never occurred to them that this was something that perhaps they should keep secret. Now, of course, there`s a lot of concern... |
| 00:33:541 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Why are they doing it? |
| 00:33:5537 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, there are a number of theories. One, of course, is that they are happy to support jihad, as long as it`s not against their own regime. That it`s... |
| 00:34:324 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Have you been inside madrassas themselves? |
| 00:34:361 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes, I have. |
| 00:34:371 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Where? |
| 00:34:384 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
In Pakistan, and the equivalent in Indonesia. |
| 00:34:423 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What did you see once you got inside these? Give us some examples. |
| 00:34:4512 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
The most interesting madrassa I visited was one that was actually in Lahore. |
| 00:34:572 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Pakistan. |
| 00:34:5939 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Lahore, Pakistan. It was not out near Peshawar, it was not in the sort of jihadi area. It was not near Afghanistan. It was right in Lahore, a beautiful... |
| 00:35:382 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What does it mean, anti-Shia? |
| 00:35:4017 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
These groups are going around Pakistan and killing Shia, killing doctors, killing lawyers, killing people whose bad luck, at least at that moment, is... |
| 00:35:572 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Why? What`s wrong with being a Shia? |
| 00:35:5934 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, there is a tension between Sunni and Shia. A tension between Sunni and Shia, which is very important in Pakistan, but is less important right... |
| 00:36:3348 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
But let me just go back to what I saw at this madrassa. Every young man that I talked to said he hated America, down with America. When I asked why... |
| 00:37:2137 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And this was a guy who was really mesmerizing. He had a skill. I could see that it would be very easy for young men to fall under his power. He also... |
| 00:37:589 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
You just defined it. Someplace in your book, you said that the U.S government took your notes away from you at some point, wanted to see your notes? |
| 00:38:0724 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
No, no. My notes were subpoenaed, they did not take my notes away. My notes were subpoenaed in this case in regard to an American, nobody ever bothered... |
| 00:38:312 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
That was -- the name? Do you have the name? |
| 00:38:337 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I`m not going to go into details about that case, but that`s what happened. |
| 00:38:403 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Why did you mention it? What was the reason? |
| 00:38:433 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Why did I mention that my notes had been subpoenaed? |
| 00:38:46 |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Yeah. |
| 00:38:4624 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I think it`s a very important part of the -- describing the process that I underwent in order to get to -- to have these conversations, and I just thought... |
| 00:39:103 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
There`s a fellow named ... |
| 00:39:1312 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And I want to say that I was very fortunate. I received the help of a very skillful lawyer and I did not have to turn over my notes. |
| 00:39:255 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
There`s a fellow, but again, correct my pronunciation, Mir Aimal Kansi. |
| 00:39:303 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Kansi, yes. |
| 00:39:331 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Kansi? He`s dead. |
| 00:39:344 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, he`s dead. He`s also dead. There are a fair number in this book that are now dead. |
| 00:39:385 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
But you talked to him. And he was executed on November 14, 2002. Who was he and why did you talk to him? |
| 00:39:4348 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He was a Pakistani national who had shot -- had been involved in a very serious shootout at the CIA. He killed two CIA employees, and wounded several... |
| 00:40:318 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
So, people might forget, he literally walked up out front where the cars were coming in at the CIA and shot -- killed these people right there on the... |
| 00:40:391 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He did. He did. |
| 00:40:403 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Then you tell the story in here about how he got on the plane and went back to Pakistan |
| 00:40:432 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes, he did. |
| 00:40:45 |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Almost immediately. |
| 00:40:451 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Almost immediately. |
| 00:40:461 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
How did he do that? |
| 00:40:471 min. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He was involved in the Pakistani expatriate community. And he managed to get a ticket through a local agent. Nobody knew, of course, that he was a killer.... |
| 00:41:584 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
How did we find him back in Pakistan and get him back here and try him and execute him? |
| 00:42:021 min. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
There was help provided. First of all, there was money on offer for any leads leading to his capture, and there were -- someone provided the U.S. government... |
| 00:43:211 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Where did you talk to him? |
| 00:43:227 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I talked to him in Virginia, where he was on death row. |
| 00:43:292 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What was he like? |
| 00:43:3137 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He at first, did not want to talk to me. I had written to him, and he said he would only talk to me if I gave him a lot of money. And I told him that... |
| 00:44:0829 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Well, then, I thought that was the end of it, but he then decided that he did want to talk to me. And he invited me to come, and he was very excited... |
| 00:44:3721 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And this, of course, is something that happened to me over and over again, that I would be invited to convert to the religion, to donate money to the... |
| 00:44:5810 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
This is out of context, but it is in the beginning, and it might fit where we are at the moment. There was a nun in your life, a Catholic nun? |
| 00:45:081 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes. |
| 00:45:0911 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
And you start off by telling us about her, and why? What was her name? |
| 00:45:2048 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Her name was Sister Miriam Therese. And she was my grandmother`s best friend. And she and the other nuns in New Rochelle, New York, referred to my grandmother,... |
| 00:46:0848 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And so, as I say in the opening to the book, I had a very strong prejudice in favor of religion, even though I grew up in a secular household. I feel... |
| 00:46:565 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Now, you dedicate the book to Evan and Jeff. Who are they? |
| 00:47:011 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
My son and my husband. |
| 00:47:022 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
How old is your son? |
| 00:47:041 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He`s almost 2. |
| 00:47:0511 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What about the personal side of all this? Do you ever feel threatened or do you ever feel you might be marked because of the way you take this information... |
| 00:47:1644 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I will not be going back to talk to terrorists in the field the way I did researching this book. Having a child completely changed my feeling about... |
| 00:48:0017 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I have not -- you know, it would be very nice for me to be able to go there and talk to government officials. I love Pakistan. I`d love to do that,... |
| 00:48:171 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What kind of work is your husband in? |
| 00:48:182 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
He`s an economist. |
| 00:48:204 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
And you teach. How often at Harvard and what`s the subject? |
| 00:48:2421 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
This fall I am co-teaching a course with Sam Huntington, the author of "The Clash of Civilizations" and David Little, who is a professor at the Divinity... |
| 00:48:454 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
And just a brief connection, Sam Huntington endorses your book. |
| 00:48:492 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes. |
| 00:48:5116 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Says, among other things, "her analysis is indispensable to our understanding contemporary terrorist threats to the civilized world." Let me make another... |
| 00:49:07 |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes. |
| 00:49:071 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
What were the circumstances? |
| 00:49:0856 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Judy heard -- I don`t even remember how this came about, maybe I told her, I can`t even remember, that I was going to the line of control. The Pakistani... |
| 00:50:044 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
If I`m correct, her husband was your editor? |
| 00:50:082 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Her husband was one of my editors, yes. |
| 00:50:101 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Jason... |
| 00:50:1157 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Jason Epstein, yes. That came about in a very strange way. Jason claims when he decided he wanted to edit me that he didn`t remember that I was the... |
| 00:51:0840 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I think if I had written another book more like the first one for University Press, you would have been less interested. As a matter of fact, I believe... |
| 00:51:4832 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I just felt he was trying to turn me into a different person, and then I went home and did exactly what he told me to do. He obviously hypnotized me.... |
| 00:52:2011 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
In the opening, which it`s italicized, it starts off, "Religious terrorism starts off from pain and loss and impatience with a god who is slow to respond... |
| 00:52:312 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I wrote that. |
| 00:52:33 |
Lamb, Brian - Host
You wrote that? |
| 00:52:331 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes. |
| 00:52:347 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
I couldn`t tell, as a matter of fact. And why did you do it the way you did it here? It`s italicized, it`s out front. What`s the point? |
| 00:52:4121 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I didn`t write it to be the sort of poem in the opening of the book. It was just something that I wrote that just came to me, and Jason urged me to... |
| 00:53:024 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
And then in the introduction, you quote Kathleen Norris. Who is she? |
| 00:53:062 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
She is a poet. |
| 00:53:0813 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
"Any creative encounter with evil requires that we not distance ourselves from it by simply demonizing those who commit evil acts." There`s more, of... |
| 00:53:2145 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I know that what I did, that many people at first blush would be horrified by what I did, and might think that I was getting too close to evil. And... |
| 00:54:0653 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
And I came to understand that it was that I was trying to empathize. That I was trying to understand the feelings that led a person to do evil things,... |
| 00:54:595 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Almost out of time. Do you have any hope that this can ever stop? |
| 00:55:0435 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes. I do. I think that if we look in historical terms, very long term, I think that -- I`m not talking about the last century, I`m talking about the... |
| 00:55:395 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
Do you have another book in you around this subject? |
| 00:55:4433 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Yes. I hope to write a book now about post-September 11 fears, how the fear and the reaction to that fear can hurt us, and that it`s completely understandable... |
| 00:56:1715 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
This sounds like an awkward question. Do you think you`re more fearful because of all that you know and we haven`t even scratched the surface in this... |
| 00:56:3241 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
I think I`m probably less fearful. I think I`m aware of the fact that the likelihood -- that I`m very aware of the impact of these attacks, and how... |
| 00:57:1311 sec. |
Lamb, Brian - Host
The cover of the book looks like this -- "Terror in the Name of God: Why Religious Militants Kill." Jessica Stern of Harvard went all around the world... |
| 00:57:2444 sec. |
Stern, Jessica - Lecturer
Thank you very much. |