In the Senate, two joint resolutions concerning U.S. involvement in the Persian Gulf were debated. One resolution, sponsored by Maj. Leader Mitchell and Sen. Nunn failed to pass in a 46-53 vote. It recommended that the president continue the application of international sanctions and diplomatic pressures in an effort to compel Iraq to leave Kuwait. It also stipulated that the president must gain congressional authorization for any use of force in the Persian Gulf. Another resolution, sponsored by Min. Leader Dole and Sen. Warner, passed 52-47, granting the president the power and congressional authority to commit American troops to combat in the Persian Gulf after January 15.