The most popular programs for the Persian Gulf War Tag http://www.c-spanvideo.org/browse?topic=1053 en-US Copyright 2013, National Cable Satellite Corporation info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Thu, 20 Jun 2013 03:08:41 GMT President Bush addressed a Joint Session of Congress on issues in the Persian Gulf and the status of budget negotiations. President Bush called on the American people to conserve fuel and expressed his concern for greater energy independence. Ambassador Al-Mashat from Iraq was present in the chamber. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/13945-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/13945-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Mr. Nicolaides urged President Bush to not be hostile against Iraq, saying that aggression would be against our national interest. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/13826-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/13826-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT The committee heard testimony in one of a continuing series of hearings on U.S. defense policy following the end of the Cold War and the Persian Gulf war. Specifically, the committee sought to analyze plans for reform of the U.S. military in light of its performance in the Persian Gulf war. Plans for reform in the early 1980's called for a less bureaucratic military system with technologically advanced weapons systems to outmaneuver rather than overwhelm enemies in combat. Reform movements concentrated on improving three aspects of military preparedness: people, strategy and tactics, and military hardware. Col. Boyd said the results of the Persian Gulf war indicate that the U.S. military has taken long strides toward getting the right people using efficient hardware with strategic effectiveness. Discussion continued on the use of both old and new weapons systems in the Persian Gulf war. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17753-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17753-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT General Schwarzkopf, chief commander of the coalition forces in the Persian Gulf War, discussed his autobiography [It Doesn't Take A Hero], published by Bantam Books. The general talked about his decisions in the Persian Gulf War, as well as other moments in his long military career, including his experiences in Vietnam. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/35014-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/35014-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Mr. Yergin talked about his book [The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money and Power], published by Touchstone Books, about the history of the oil industry and its influence on world politics and economy. His research for the book included over sixty interviews with leading figures in the oil industry, oral histories, and governmental publications. Mr. Yergin named George Bissell as the father of the oil industry for first conceiving the idea of drilling for oil. Mr. Yergin also speculated on the future of U.S. oil reserves and the oil industry in general. He examined American oil production and consumption and predicted future oil dependence. He also related the Persian Gulf war to the oil power base of the Middle East. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16032-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16032-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Christopher Hitchens and Morton Kondracke discussed the call for a possible deadline for the end of the Persian Gulf. They discussed the strategy of the allied forces and political decision for U.S. involvement. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16199-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16199-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT In the first State of the Union address delivered to America at war in nearly twenty years, President Bush attempted to reassure the nation that the U.S. will win the war in the Persian Gulf as well as overcome domestic economic problems. Referring to the years leading up to World War Two in which the United States wrestled with issues of appeasement and isolationism, the president spoke of the necessity for resolution and courage to Americans already wary of a possibly lengthy involvement in the Persian Gulf. On the domestic front, President Bush promised to put the recession "behind us" and resume "the largest peacetime economic expansion in history." His speech touched on the Soviet occupation of Baltic states; however, he made it clear he did not want to forsake the working relationship the United States and the Soviet Union had achieved before the latest series of crises. Mr. Bush discussed health care initiatives, political initiatives including the elimination of political action committees, and a possible compromise in the capital gains cut. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16070-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16070-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT One week after announcing a cease-fire in the Persian Gulf war, and on the evening before Secretary of State James Baker's diplomatic tour of the Middle East, President Bush addressed a joint session of Congress, proclaiming victory in the Persian Gulf war. In his remarks, President Bush said American troops would begin to return from the Persian Gulf region shortly. He also said, however, that the U.S. would maintain diplomatic ties with the situation in the Persian Gulf, and called for the "end of the Arab-Israeli conflict." President Bush also stated that Israel must give up territory gained during the Arab-Israeli wars in return for peace in the region. Without stating a specific plan, he indicated in his remarks that "peacemaking in the Middle East requires compromise." Later in his speech, President Bush called for a new concentration on solving the nation's domestic problems. However, he stated no new legislative proposals for domestic issues. The joint session, called by Speaker Foley after the coalition forces' victory in the Persian Gulf war, was characterized by displays of support for the president: many members of Congress wore American flags on their person, while many Republican members wore yellow buttons with the message, "I voted with the president." President Bush was greeted with a chant of "Bush! Bush! Bush!" upon his entrance. Before introducing the president in the usual manner, Speaker Foley departed from tradition and expressed the support of the Congress for the coalition victory in the Persian Gulf war. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16965-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16965-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT General Sultan, commander of the Joint Arab Forces in the Persian Gulf, spoke to reporters on events in the Persian Gulf War concerning Saudi forces. He reaffirmed the Saudi commitment to enforce the U.N. resolution and said the operation was going extremely well for the coalition forces. He answered reporters' questions. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16344-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16344-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT The president addressed the nation from the Oval Office following the joint military attacks against Iraq that had begun earlier in the evening. Announcing "the liberation of Kuwait has begun," President Bush stated that the U.S. had no other choice than to attack Iraq to remove Saddam Hussein from Kuwait. He said no ground troops were involved in the current military conflict, and that the U.S. would not fail in freeing Kuwait. The U.S.' objective in the Persian Gulf was, Mr. Bush said, to restore the legitimate Kuwaiti government and allow freedom in Kuwait. An air attack by U.S. forces of Baghdad, Iraq, began at 6:30 p.m. Wednesday night EST, 2:30 a.m. Iraqi time Thursday morning. U.S., British and Saudi planes took part in the attack which targeted central Baghdad, including oil refineries and the Baghdad airport. The conflict ended months of speculation on the outcome of U.S. threats to remove Iraqi forces from their occupation of Kuwait according to the U.N. resolution allowing the use of force in the liberation of Kuwait. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15723-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15723-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Mr. Arnett discussed his book [Live From the Battlefield], published by Simon and Schuster. He discussed his experiences as a war correspondent. The largest part of the book is dedicated to his life in Vietnam, the defining part of his life. He spoke about his work as a stringer in Vietnam during the early 1960s and his work as a correspondent during the war's later years. He contrasted his Vietnam experiences with his coverage of the Gulf War for CNN. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/54712-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/54712-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Mr. Fitzwater, reading an announcement from President Bush, declared "the liberation of Kuwait has begun." United States forces, Mr. Fitzwater announced, began an attack of Iraq dubbed "Desert Storm," in enforcement of the United Nations resolution allowing the use of force to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait. He answered no questions and quickly left the briefing room. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15762-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15762-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Bands played, troops marched, flags flew and military weaponry and equipment rolled down Constitution Avenue during the $12 million National Victory Celebration Parade in Washington, DC. The parade, marching before a reviewing stand where the president, vice-president, members of the Cabinet and their spouses watched the proceedings, was the main event in the National Victory Celebration marking the victory of the Persian Gulf war. Stealth bombers, Patriot missiles, tanks, and other military hardware were featured in the parade, as were hundreds of troops from the war. A huge crowd applauded the weapons and troops as they passed down Constitution Avenue. Narration was provided for the parade by Major General Streeter, commanding general for the military district of Washington, and Willard Scott, weatherman and television personality. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/18328-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/18328-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Former President George H.W. Bush commemorated the 20th anniversary of the initiation of military operations to liberate Kuwait from Iraq by inviting Desert Storm veterans to a discussion among members of his foreign policy team and military advisers at that time and Kuwaiti officials. A video history of the Gulf War was shown which former President Bush narrated. Former Ambassador Ryan Crocker moderated. The program opened with the colors and national anthem and closed with Lee Greenwood singing "Proud to Be an American." "20th Anniversary Commemoration of the Beginning of Military Operations to Liberate Kuwait" was a Lenore and Francis Humphrys International Speakers Program event in Texas A&M University's Reed Arena co-sponsored by the Bush School of Government and Public Service and The Shell Oil Company. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/297623-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/297623-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Mr. Hitchens talked about U.S. foreign policy towards the Middle East. He made comparisons between U.S. policy in the early 1980s and the Persian Gulf War. He also talked about democracy in the United States. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/21838-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/21838-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Mr. Duggan announced the purpose of the conference, which was to discuss the role of strategic weapons in the post-Cold War era. Speakers Gaffney, Graham, and Kraemer spoke of various strategic issues and forces and of the importance of the Strategic Defense Initiative. All three expressed their opposition to arms reduction and discussed the need to remain vigilant despite the end of the Cold War. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15043-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15043-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Mr. Aziz spoke to reporters following his meeting with U.S. Secretary of State James Baker, widely considered to be the final chance for a peaceful resolution of the Persian Gulf crisis. He said that despite the failure of results, the meeting went well: each side was able to declare and explain its position. Mr. Aziz said that Iraq would not launch a first strike in a Gulf war, but that if Iraq were attacked by U.S. or U.S. allied forces, it would launch an immediate attack upon Israel. His country was preparing for war, and said the only hope for peace would be a meeting between Arab states which would produce a solution to be presented to the United Nations. Mr. Aziz said that Mr. Baker refused an "Arab solution," and that the letter from President Bush to Saddam Hussein was unacceptable as it was not worded in language suitable for correspondence between heads of state. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15640-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15640-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Saddam Hussein offered President Bush the chance to address the people of Iraq. President Bush agreed to the offer and his videotaped address was aired unedited in Baghdad on September 16, during the dinner hour. The speech was in English with Iraqi subtitles. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14022-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14022-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT President Bush awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of Great Britain, in a ceremony at the White House. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is the highest award available to civilians in peacetime. In his remarks during the ceremony, President Bush discussed Ms. Thatcher's role in world history during her terms as Prime Minister. He also said he consulted with Ms. Thatcher during the Persian Gulf war, and she left him with the advice, "Remember, George, this is no time to go wobbly." Ms. Thatcher, in her remarks following the awarding of the medal, lauded President Bush's performance in the Persian Gulf war and the efforts of Americans towards the victory in the gulf. She also stated a severe disdain for the use of violence in the settlement of disputes. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16977-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16977-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Then President Bush spoke to reporters about the invasion of Kuwait. On August 2, 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait and seized control of the country within 24 hours. Video was provided courtesy of the George Bush Presidential Library. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/158497-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/158497-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT The Senate passed S.J. Res. 2, to authorize the use of United States Armed Forces pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 678. The Senate passed H.J. Res. 77, to authorize the use of United States Armed Forces pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 678. The Senate failed to pass S.J. Res. 1, regarding U.S. policy to reverse Iraq's occupation of Kuwait. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15665-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15665-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Mr. Woodward discussed his book, [The Commanders], which investigated the decision making process in the White House from the beginning of the Bush administration to the beginning of the Persian Gulf war. He discussed the research he conducted for the book and the journalistic philosophy he employs in covering the workings of government. Mr. Woodward's book sparked controversy upon its release by revealing the amount of dissent that existed in the White House from the decision to use force in enforcing the U.N. resolutions concerning Kuwait. Mr. Woodward discussed the Bush administration's short history, which he said has been based on strong military action with a weak legislative agenda. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/18547-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/18547-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Iraqi President Saddam Hussein delivered a taped message to the American people in response to an eight minute message delivered on Iraqi television by President Bush. The tape was delivered on Tuesday by the Iraqi ambassador to the United States. The audio is translated and read by an American interpreter. Subtitles appear on the tape. A transcript of the subtitles is also available. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14229-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14229-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Jeffrey Engel talked about his book, [Into the Desert: Reflections on the Gulf War], a collection of essays by journalists, government officials, and scholars that looks back on the events and impact of the 1990-91 Persian Gulf War. Mr. Engel, who edited the book, spoke at Texas A&M University. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/310832-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/310832-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT With the remarks, "Kuwait is liberated. Iraq's army has been defeated," President Bush began his announcement to the nation on the U.S. and coalition forces' victory in the Persian Gulf war. He cautioned against euphoria, but urged the nation to continue their support for the U.S. armed forces serving in the Middle East. He called for Iraq to release all coalition forces' P.O.W.'s and to comply with all United Nations resolutions concerning Kuwait. President Bush also announced a conditional cease-fire to take place at midnight, E.S.T., which is 8:00 A.M. Iraqi time. The cease-fire would allow Iraqi forces to return to Iraq from Kuwait as long as they did not fire upon coalition forces. This address was made at 9:00 PM E.S.T. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16819-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16819-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT The House agreed to H. Con. Res. 32, to express the sense of Congress that Congress must approve any offensive military action against Iraq. The House failed to agree to H. Con. Res. 33, regarding United States policy to reverse Iraq's occupation of Kuwait. The House passed H.J. Res. 77, to authorize the use of United States Armed Forces pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 678. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15664-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15664-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Anthony Swofford discussed his Gulf War memoir [Jarhead: A Marine's Chronicle of the Gulf War and Other Battles], published by Scribner. In 1990, Mr. Swofford, a young Marine or "jarhead," was sent to Saudi Arabia. Awestruck with the mythos of the marines, his dreams of combat became frustrated when he realized the war was mainly being waged with bombs. Stationed in the desert for six months and consumed with boredom and fear, Mr. Swofford considered suicide, pulled a gun on one of his fellow marines, and was shot at by both Iraqis and Americans. In the book, he uses flashbacks to chronicle his journey from boot camp to seasoned combatant filled with doubts about his choices. Mr. Swofford read excerpts from his book and answered questions from members of the audience. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/164415-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/164415-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT General Schwarzkopf gave reporters an update on U.S. and allied military progress in the Persian Gulf war. He discussed an Iraqi military offensive against the abandoned Saudi town of Khafji, which the small Iraqi force momentarily occupied before being driven back across the border by U.S. Marines and Arab infantry. He also discussed the results of the two week old air attack operation, which has forced, Gen. Schwarzkopf said, the Iraqis to lose central control of their air defense system. He also announced the air attack to be "on schedule," and reaffirmed the coalition's achievement of "air supremacy." Gen. Schwarzkopf showed a videotape of bombing strikes on Iraqi targets taken from the planes dropping the bombs. The videotape includes footage of a single truck narrowly escaping the destruction of a bridge which was bombed immediately after the truck crossed; Gen. Schwarzkopf called the driver of the truck "the luckiest man in Iraq." http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16102-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16102-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Lieutenant Bourke gave a tour of the U.S.S. Leftwich, a U.S. Navy destroyer harbored in Bahrain. The U.S.S. Leftwich was in Bahrain to interdict foreign vessels and enforce the sanctions against Iraq. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15730-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15730-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Ms. Sciolino talked about her book [The Outlaw State: Saddam Hussein's Quest for Power and the Gulf Crisis], published by John Wiley and Sons. It chronicled the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990. She described the role of April Glaspie, the American ambassador to Iraq, in the days preceding the invasion and the rise to power of Saddam Hussein. Ms. Sciolino described the differences between Iran and Iraq and explained the purpose of her numerous visits to the Middle East. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/20073-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/20073-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Members of the U.S. Navy and Marines who had been held by Iraq as P.O.W.'s in the Persian Gulf war spoke to reporters in Bethesda Naval Medical Center. They described their experiences and emotions surrounding their captivity. Capt. Sanborn said his captivity was "terrifying," and said life as a P.O.W. in Iraq consisted of solitary confinement, interrogations, and abuse at the hands of Iraqi soldiers. Lt. Zaun, who had denigrated the West in a widely shown videotape taken by his captors during his confinement, said he feared his remarks, which had been forced upon him by his captors, would be used as propaganda for Saddam Hussein among Arab audiences. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17070-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17070-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Scholars, members of the Bush administration and others discussed the U.S. operations in Desert Shield and Desert Storm. Mr. Heimbach, Laurence Radway summarized their papers on Bush's moral leadership during the Gulf War and the role of mass nationalism in the Gulf War. Then the other panelists commented on the presentations and made other remarks. They panelists also took questions from the audience. This was part of a three-day symposium on the Bush presidency. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/80506-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/80506-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Blaine Harden spoke of his four year tenure as [Washington Post] sub-Saharan bureau chief, which is the basis for his book, [Africa: Dispatches from a Fragile Continent]. The book's format focuses on individual people and their life experiences in different African nations, including Zaire, Ghana, Kenya, Sudan and Nigeria. Mr. Harden described Africa as being "a painful part of the world for Westerners to come to grips with." He contended that Westerners "weep for it more out of pity than understanding." The book's purpose is to give the problems of Africa a human face that will bring Westerners a better understanding of what it means to be African. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14942-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14942-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT The House discussed the situations in the Baltic States, the Middle East, and El Salvador. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15715-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15715-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Queen Margrethe talked about the "age of communication." She spoke of the tremendous influence the news media has and called the press the "4th Power" in governments. She said that she would like to point out that there is no "5th Power" to keep an eye on the media. She related examples of the Persian Gulf war media coverage. She spoke of the ties between Danish and American people. Many early settlers in the United States are of Danish decent. America's Independence Day is celebrated in Denmark as a show of the close bonds. This event is the largest 4th of July event outside the U.S. Queen Margrethe is the first queen in the ten centuries of Danish monarchy. She was named to the throne in 1972 at age 31, the day after her father died. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16652-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16652-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT General Norman Schwarzkopf, commander-in-chief of the U.S. Military Central Command and commander-in-chief of the coalition forces during the Persian Gulf war, addressed members of the House of Representatives and the Senate in a special congressional tribute in the House chambers. In his remarks, Gen. Schwarzkopf thanked Congress and the executive branch for supplying the U.S. military with the finest equipment available and thanked the American people for their support during the war. He also expressed support for the U.S. troops who fought the war, saying, "We were the United States military. And we are damn proud of it." Gen. Schwarzkopf said he would retire in a few months, but indicated he did not know what he would do following his retirement. Standing ovations from the members of both houses frequently interrupted the general's remarks. A military band, positioned inside the House chamber, performed before and after the general spoke. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17878-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17878-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT General Norman Schwarzkopf, commander-in-chief of the U.S. Military Central Command and commander-in-chief of the coalition forces during the Persian Gulf war, addressed members of House of Representatives and Senate in a special congressional tribute in the House chamber. Gen. Schwarzkopf thanked Congress for supplying the U.S. military with the finest equipment available and thanked the American people for their support during the war. He also expressed support for the U.S. troops who fought the war, saying, "We were the United States military. And we are damn proud of it." Gen. Schwarzkopf said he would retire in a few months, but indicated he did not know what he would do following his retirement. Standing ovations from the members of both houses frequently interrupted the general's remarks. Prior to the speech, the House of Representatives conducted House business, including voting on approving the journal. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17861-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17861-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT The husband-and-wife team, Janet and John Wallach, discussed their book about the controversial leader of the Palestine Liberation Movement (PLO), Yasser Arafat. Entitled, [Arafat: In the Eyes of the Beholder], the work details the life and political struggles of this important political leader. The Wallachs were able to spend hundreds of hours with Mr. Arafat and his entourage at the PLO's headquarters, thus providing a balance between the less personable side of Mr. Arafat and his substantial influence over the tenuous relationships between Palestinian factions. The book also focuses on Mr. Arafat as discussed by Jordan's King Hussein, Egypt's Hosni Mubarak, Israel's Yitzhak Shamir, as well as important American, Syrian and Iraqi policymakers. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15457-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15457-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Ms. Moore discussed her novel, [A Woman at War], which describes her experiences during the Persian Gulf War. She was a [Washington Post] war correspondent present in the Gulf. Topics included the events of the war, military censorship of news reports, and public perception of the war. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/47389-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/47389-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT The committee heard testimony from April Glaspie, former U.S. Ambassador to Iraq, on the U.S. policy towards Iraq before the beginning of the Persian Gulf war. Ms. Glaspie has generally been considered the Bush Administration's scapegoat for the U.S. policy of appeasement of Iraq before the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990. A transcript released by Iraq of a July 25 meeting between Amb. Glaspie and Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein was used by Iraq to claim that Amb. Glaspie told Saddam the U.S. would not be concerned if Iraq entered Kuwait. Ambassador Glaspie had not made a public appearance since the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, which some attributed to the fact the Iraqi transcript was fundamentally accurate. A senior administration official was quoted by the [New York Times] shortly after the release of the Iraqi transcript as saying the transcript was "fundamentally accurate." In an appearance before the Senate Foreign Relations committee on March 20, Amb. Glaspie said the Iraqi transcript was inaccurate and failed to mention her repeated warnings to Saddam Hussein that the U.S. would retaliate to secure its interests. Earlier today, the State Department said for the first time that the Iraqi transcript was inaccurate, and claimed that it had not discussed the inaccuracy of the transcript before because the department was too busy with the negotiations in the Middle East. In her testimony before the House Foreign Affairs committee, Amb. Glaspie said about 20 percent of the Iraqi transcript was distorted or dropped. She admitted that she had never told Saddam the U.S. would fight if Iraq invaded Kuwait, but said Saddam Hussein understood her statement that the U.S. would defend its vital interests. She also said she could not determine U.S. policy, to the extent of directly threatening force, on her own without consulting the president. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17199-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17199-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT The committee heard testimony in an "informal discussion" from April Glaspie, the U.S. Ambassador to Iraq, on the U.S.' policy concerning Iraq before the Aug. 2, 1990 Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Her testimony was her first public appearance since the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. The hearing was called an "informal discussion" because of the objection of one of the committee members, which prevented the official title of "hearing" from being applied to the committee session. Ms. Glaspie is considered by some to be the Bush Administration's "scapegoat" for the administration's appeasement policy towards Kuwait before the Aug. 2 invasion. During a July 25, 1990 meeting between Ms. Glaspie and Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein, transcripts of which have been released by Iraq, Ms. Glaspie said she warned Saddam Hussein orally that the U.S. would defend its vital interests in the Persian Gulf, but her remarks were not reported in the Iraqi transcript. Iraq claims Ms. Glaspie told the Iraqi leader that the U.S. was not concerned about Iraq's possible annexation of Kuwait. A U.S. transcript of the meeting has not been released. Ms. Glaspie said that Saddam Hussein was warned repeatedly by her that the U.S. would react against an Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, but the Iraqi leader was too "stupid" to read the U.S.' signals. Several committee members questioned her account of the meeting, saying the State Department called the Iraqi transcript "essentially accurate." She refused to turn over a cable she sent the State Department on July 25 about the meeting, claiming diplomatic confidentiality. She also said the State Department kept her under wraps for so long because it was busy countering the Iraqi aggression in Kuwait. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17179-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17179-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT U.S. General Schwarzkopf, commander of the U.S. armed forces in the Middle East, spoke to reporters on the final day of the ground campaign in the Persian Gulf war. He spoke on the military positions and strategy of U.S. and coalition forces in the military conflict against Iraq since August, 1990. Several diagrams of the military buildup and offensive are used by General Schwarzkopf to illustrate his remarks. Later in the briefing, General Schwarzkopf took questions from reporters on the military methods the U.S. used to win the ground offensive. He characterized the flanking maneuvers utilized by the coalition forces in Iraq as a "Hail Mary" option. He states, during questioning, that the purpose of the Persian Gulf war was not only to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait, but to enforce the United Nations resolutions concerning Kuwait. In response to a reporter's question on the effectiveness of Saddam Hussein's tactics in the Persian Gulf war, Gen. Schwarzkopf began his response by exclaiming "Hah!" http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16795-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16795-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Prince Saud Al-Faisal spoke briefly about Persian Gulf conditions following a meting with President Bush. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14459-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14459-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT President Bush and Queen Margareth II of Denmark spoke in a ceremony marking the arrival of the Queen and her husband in the United States. President Bush spoke on the price of freedom and the sharing of values between Denmark and the United States since World War II and including the Persian Gulf war. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16623-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16623-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Prince Saud addressed the General Assembly on the impact of the Persian Gulf crisis on his country. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14371-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14371-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT President Bush, congressional leaders, and academics spoke at a ceremony marking the 50th anniversary of Franklin Roosevelt's "Four Freedoms" speech delivered January 6, 1941. Mr. Schlesinger spoke on the historical events surrounding the composition and delivery of the speech, and Anne Roosevelt connected her grandfather's descriptions of the freedoms the U.S. fought for in World War Two with the freedom to dissent from supporting the Persian Gulf war. George Mitchell praised Franklin Roosevelt's spirit during hard times in America, and Mr. Michel compared the challenges facing the U.S. in 1941 and 1991. Mr. Dole described his injuries in battle during World War Two, and said we must ensure the continuation of the Four Freedoms for all Americans. Mr. Gephardt emphasized FDR's resolution despite media attacks, and Mr. Foley compared FDR's state of the union speech with President Bush's state of the union address. President Bush spoke on the inspiration and legacy of the Four Freedoms speech in the current era. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16093-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16093-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT The British House of Commons' January 21 session centered around a debate over a government supported resolution expressing support for British troops in the Persian Gulf, and an amendment to the resolution sponsored by the opposition Labour party which called for minimal casualties in the conflict and a return to the search for a solution to the wider Middle East conflict after the cessation of military hostilities. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15836-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15836-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Former White House officials talked about Operation Desert Storm on the 10th Anniversary of the operation. Among the topics they addressed were the significance of the international coalition against Iraq, the events of the war, and the on-going tensions in the region. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/162751-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/162751-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT President Bush called for the immediate and unconditional withdrawal of Iraqi forces from Kuwait and described the Iraqi invasion as "naked aggression." He also described the steps he had taken since the invasion: 1) called an emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council which unanimously condemned Iraq; 2) signed an executive order freezing Iraqi assets and prohibiting interchange with Iraq, as well as an executive order freezing Kuwaiti assets to prevent their seizure by Iraq; and, 3) ordered the State Department to lobby foreign nations to encourage them to condemn the action and to consult on what further measures could be taken against Iraq. He also responded to reporters' questions. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/13395-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/13395-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT Pool cameramen and reporters accompanied the First Marine Division's Task Force Ripper during the ground campaign by coalition forces during the Persian Gulf war. The division was the first to enter Kuwait during the early hours of the campaign, and cameramen recorded them as they drove into Kuwait and set up howitzer weapons to shell Iraqi forces ahead of their position. http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16800-1 info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation) http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16800-1 Tue, 11 Sep 1990 00:00:00 GMT