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    <title>Panama Recent Programs - C-SPAN Video Library</title>
    <description>The most recent programs for the Panama Tag</description>
    <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/browse?topic=911</link>
    <language>en-US</language>
    <copyright>Copyright 2013, National Cable Satellite Corporation</copyright>
    <managingEditor>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</webMaster>
    <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    <lastBuildDate>Wed, 19 Jun 2013 23:56:09 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Book Discussion on [The Canal Builders]</title>
      <description>Professor Julie Greene talked about her book, [The Canal Builders: Making America's Empire at the Panama Canal].
The interview, part of Book TV's college series, was recorded in the Katherine Anne Porter Room in Hornbake Library at the University of Maryland, College Park.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/303077-6</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>U.S.-Panama Free Trade Agreement</title>
      <description>Erik Wasson talked about the status of the U.S.-Panama trade agreement that was signed on June 28, 2007, yet has still not been approved by the U.S. Topics included the details of the pending trade deal and impact on the two countries. Mr. Wasson also responded to telephone calls and electronic communications.
This is the second in a three-part series on trade deals. The product identification numbers of the other parts are 300405-5 and 300408-5.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/300410-6</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Book Discussion on [Drawing the Line at the Big Ditch]</title>
      <description>Adam Clymer talked about his book [Drawing the Line at the Big Ditch: The Panama Canal Treaties and the Rise of the Right] (University Press of Kansas; March 18, 2008). He was interviewed at the 2008 National Book Club Fair.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/282621-14</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Book Discussion on [Six Minutes to Freedom]</title>
      <description>Kurt Muse talked about his book, [Six Minutes to Freedom], published by Citadel. The book recounts Mr. Muse's imprisonment in Panama for agitating against Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega and his rescue by Delta Force. 
 
 The interview was conducted at the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) sponsored by the American Conservative Union at the Omni Shoreham Hotel in Washington D.C.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/204213-7</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Book Discussion on [Drawing the Line at the Big Ditch]</title>
      <description>Adam Clymer talked about and read from his book [Drawing the Line at the Big Ditch, The Panama Canal Treaties and the Rise of the Right]. Mr. Clymer argues that the U.S.' decision to cede control
 of the canal became a conservative cause and a platform that Ronald
 Reagan used for his bid for the presidency in 1980.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/202527-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>International Trade and Investment</title>
      <description>President Bush talked about the effects of free trade on American producers and consumers. He said that free trade had positive effects for Americans and encouraged Congress to pass free trade legislation for Peru, Columbia, Panama, and South Korea.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/202138-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>U.S.-Panama Relations</title>
      <description>President George Bush and Panamanian President Martin Torrijos spoke to the press after meeing about a free trade agreement.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/196700-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Carter Administration Foreign Policy</title>
      <description>Former Ambassador Moss discussed the foreign policy of the Carter administration with a group of experts. Topics included human rights, peacemaking, foreign aid, Middle Eastern issues, the Cold War, Africa, the controversy around United Nations Ambassador Andrew Young, and the Panama Canal. Mr. Tessman moderated the discussion. After their presentations the panelists responded to audience members' questions.
 
 The program "Foreign Policy" was a break-out session of the three-day conference, "The Carter Presidency: Lessons for the 21st Century," held on the 30th anniversary of President Carter's inauguration.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/196199-3</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Book Discussion on [Six Minutes to Freedom]</title>
      <description>Kurt Muse talked about the book he co-wrote with John Gilstrap, [Six Minutes to Freedom], published by Citadel. Muse talked about his rescue by the U.S. Army's Delta Force. He said he had defied Panama's dictator, Manuel Noriega, by broadcasting on an underground radio station, encouraging civil resistance. Eventually, Mr. Muse was caught and arrested by Noriega's forces. As the only American civilian imprisoned for months in Panama's Modelo Prison, he described the torture he witnessed and recounted his rescue by Delta Force. After his presentation Mr. Muse responded to audience members' questions.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/193691-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Ambassadors Confirmation Hearing</title>
      <description>Senator Coleman, chairman of the Western Hemisphere, Peace Corps and Narcotics Affairs Subcommittee, held a confirmation hearing for David H. Wilkins to be the ambassador to Canada. Senators Graham and DeMint, along with Senators Reed and Allard, introduced Mr. Wilkins, who was Speaker of the South Carolina House of Representatives. 
 
 Senator Coleman also held hearings for Ambassador to Panama nominee William A. Eaton, Ambassador to Guatemala nominee James M. Derham, Ambassador to Belize nominee Robert Johann Dieter, Ambassador to Nicaragua nominee Paul A. Trivelli, and Ambassador to Ecuador nominee Linda Jewell.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/186904-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Remembrance of Operation Just Cause</title>
      <description>Lieutenant General Boykin spoke at a ceremony to honor the 23 American troops killed 15 years ago in December, 1989 during Operation Just Cause in Panama. Ms. LaSpada read a message from the president. The ceremony also includeed a presentation of the colors, the Pledge of Allegiance, a roll call of remembrance, placing of a wreath, playing of Taps, a poem, and prayers.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/184893-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Panama Canal Records</title>
      <description>The Panama Canal officially came under Panamanian control as a result of the treaty signed during the Carter administration. With the canal custodial transfer also came the need to appraise, schedule and decide ownership of the associated records. 
 
 The archivist responsible for records appraisal, the Panama Canal Commission's transition program planner, and the Panama Canal Authority records officer talked about the events leading to the division of records, records transfer, and plans for the future. Following their remarks they answered questions from the audience.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/165827-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Book Discussion on [Shooting the Moon: American Manhunt Unlike Any Other]</title>
      <description>Mr. Harris talked about his book [Shooting the Moon: The Story of an American Manhunt Unlike Any Other, Ever], published by Little, Brown &amp; Company. The book is Mr. Harris' account of the only time the United States captured a world leader and punished him for violation of American law. The author asserts that former Panamanian president Manuel Noriega's arrest was a direct result of his involvement with the Medellin drug cartel. After the presentation the author answered questions from members of the audience.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/164588-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>U.S.-Panama Relations</title>
      <description>As part of series on Latin America, Ambassador Guillermo talked about his country's relationship with the U.S. and about the status of Panama since taking over control of the Panama Canal. He responded to audience telephone calls, faxes and electronic mail.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/164156-3</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Panama Canal Transfer Ceremony</title>
      <description>Beginning his speech in Spanish then switching to English, President Carter spoke about the transfer of control of the Panama Canal to Panamanian authority. He traced the history of the treaty and the controversies surrounding American dominance in the region. He said that he was confident that Panama was capable of running the canal and that relations between the two countries would remain strong.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/154169-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Panama Canal: Past and Future, Day 2</title>
      <description>Before the official transfer of control of the Panama Canal to Panamanian authorities, the history, operations and future of the canal were discussed. Ms. Wertheimer talked about the renegotiation of the original treaty and the ratification process in the Senate. Representative Rohrbacher then discussed current opposition to the policy and answered viewer questions. Other participants then talked about how the turnover was conducted and the future implications for U.S.-Panama relations. Throughout the program various scenes of canal operations were shown.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/154074-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Panama Canal: Past and Future, Day 1</title>
      <description>Before the official transfer of control of the Panama Canal to Panamanian authorities, the history and operations of the canal were discussed. Mr. McCullough talked about the importance of the canal and its history. Mr. Alfaro then talked about his youth in Panama and protests in the 1960s against U.S. policies towards Panama. Other participants then discussed canal operations and treaty negotiations and responded to viewer comments and questions. The program ended with historic footage of the treaty signing ceremony and a presidential address from President Carter.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/154079-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Firing Line: Panama Canal Treaties</title>
      <description>Before the U.S. Senate considered their ratification in 1978, the Panama Canal Treaties were the subject of a television debate. William F. Buckley debated for ratification and Governor Ronald Reagan debated against ratification. The event was chaired by Senator Sam Ervin. The other participants served as examiners.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/154034-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Transferring the Panama Canal</title>
      <description>Participants discussed the history and importance of the Panama Canal, the 1979 treaties transferring control of the canal and establishing the permanent neutrality of the canal, and the future of U.S.-Panama relations. After their remarks they answered questions from the audience.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/153022-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>News Review</title>
      <description>Mr. Sandalow talked about the transfer of the Panama Canal, parental leave issues, and the 2000 presidential campaign. He also responded to viewer telephone calls, faxes and electronic mail.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/153906-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Danger in Panama: The Chinese Connection</title>
      <description>Representative Rohrabacher talked about the turnover of the Panama Canal Zone to Panama and the potential influence Chinese business may have on the canal under Panamanian authority. He also talked about the lack of a military presence and the security of the canal. After his remarks he answered questions from the audience.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/153497-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Security of the Panama Canal</title>
      <description>Participants spoke about the security of the Panama Canal after the transfer of the canal to the Panamanian government. They focused on concerns over the leasing of some canal ports by the Panamanian government to a Hong Kong based company. They talked about concerns over the lease arrangements and the possible Chinese entrance into the workings of the canal. At the conclusion of Secretary Weinburgers' testimony, some of the witnesses returned for further questions.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/153038-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>White House Daily Briefing</title>
      <description>Mr. Lockhart talked about the transfer of the Panama Canal to the Panamanian government at the end of the year. After his prepared remarks he answered questions from reporters.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/152948-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Transfer of U.S. Control of Panama Canal</title>
      <description>Secretary Caldera and other talked about the transfer of control of the Panama Canal in the year 2000. They focused on the democratic improvements of Panama and the increased economic growth that the canal will provide. They talked about the increased traffic size in the canal and plans to increase the capacity level of the canal. They also discussed the 22 regulations for the day-to-day operations of the canal. After their prepared remarks they answered questions from the audience.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/152867-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>White House Daily Briefing</title>
      <description>Mr. Toiv and Mr. Leavy answered reporters' questions about the turnover of the Panama Canal to Panama. They also discussed the tax cut legislation and possible negotiations between the President and Congress regarding the signing of the bill.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/151582-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Anti-Drug Efforts in Panama</title>
      <description>Witnesses testified about security and counter-drug concerns in Panama on the eve of the final transfer of authority in the Canal Zone to the Panamanian government. Among the issues they discussed were the influence of drug cartels in Panama, the impact on regional law enforcement due to the loss of U.S. troops in the area, and future strategies for drug interdiction in the region.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/151251-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Hispanic International Conference</title>
      <description>Mr. McLarty spoke to the conference about the issues facing the Western Hemisphere and the Hispanic business community in the United States. He praised the Hispanic business leadership in the United States for its hard work and important contributions to the American economy. President Balladares talked about the relationship between his country and North America.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/88028-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Noriega Drug Trial</title>
      <description>Mr. Hedges is covering the trial of Manuel Noriega. He discussed the charges, likely witnesses, the attorneys and their strategies.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/21045-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Noriega Drug Trial</title>
      <description>Mr. Jackson talked about the upcoming trial of former Panamanian President Manuel Noriega. He discussed the amount of effort the U.S. government is putting into the trial, and the significance of the trial in the war on drugs. He explained the strategy that would be used by Noriega's defense, and the case that has been built up against him. He also talked about his new book on Noriega.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/20953-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>The Panama Canal</title>
      <description>During the Young Americans for Freedom annual convention, which in 1991 was entitled, "Victory Over Communism: Finishing the Job," the National Security Center cosponsored a forum on the Panama Canal. Mr. Delgaudio discussed the history of the relations between the U.S. and Panama that resulted in the relinquishing of the canal to Panamanian control. He argued the Panama Canal issue aided the Republican victory in the presidential election in 1980, and said the Panama Canal should remain an important issue for American conservatives due to its relationship to American security. Captain Evans, editor of the newsletter Panama Alert discussed the Panama Canal "swindle," saying the relinquishment of the Panama Canal resulted from the violation of the U.S. Constitution, the Panamanian constitution, and international law.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/20072-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Current Situation in Panama</title>
      <description>The committee met to discuss the situation in Panama nineteen months after the United States invasion. In December 1989, U.S. troops invaded Panama as part of the military plans of Operation Just Cause. The operation led to the eventual ousting of dictator Manuel Noriega, paving the way for free elections in that strategically important Latin American nation. Since this time, however, the country has been plagued with economic hardship and new governmental scandals. The subcommittee convened to hear testimony and discuss the state of affairs in Panama. Representatives Lagomarsino and Torricelli agreed that the new Endara government was in dire need of American aid. Mr. Harding testified that the Panamanian government was in need of direction from the United States if civil war should break out. Mr. Aronson explained the narcotics connection between Panama and other regions of the world and expressed his disapproval of many aspects of the current Panamanian actions.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/19895-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>The Future of the Panama Canal Treaties</title>
      <description>As part of their 31st annual conference, the American Legion held a forum to discuss the treaties involving the United States and the Panama Canal. Mr. Detweiler said many observers believed the Panama Canal to be deteriorating structurally, and many people questioned the ability of Panama to care for the canal after full control of the canal is granted to Panama in 1991. He quoted a New York Times article which predicted the U.S. would have to renegotiate the treaties to increase U.S. involvement in the management of the canal to ensure the continuation of secure passage of commerce through the waterway. Captain Evans advocated a partnership between the United States and Panama to oversee the management of the Panama Canal, in the manner of the currently operating Panama Canal commission. Mr. Bouchey said the revocation of the Panama Canal treaties would not be worth the cost that the revocation would ultimately produce. He advocated the renegotiation of parts of the treaties, saying that the harmful particulars of the treaties that would have required revocation had been worked out through the actual day-to-day operation of the canal. He also said the U.S. needed to maintain a military presence in Panama after the year 2000 as well as secure priority passage rights for U.S. warships in times of conflict.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/17018-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>The Panama Canal:  What Now?</title>
      <description>The panelists chronicled the political history of the Panama Canal and what they termed the "big give away."  According to the panelists, the positive result that came out of the situation was that it served to mobilize the conservative movement.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/16396-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Panama Policy Review</title>
      <description>Mr. Birns and Mr. Hakim expressed their views on the political and economic impacts of the U.S. invasion of Panama. They also discussed the handling of Manuel Noriega. They were very critical of the U.S. policies towards Panama and Latin America before and after the invasion. Mr. Birns and Mr. Hakim are both policy analysts.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15432-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15432-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Congressional Reaction to Panama Invasion</title>
      <description>Rep. Glickman discussed the role of Congress in monitoring military operations. He also focused on how the U.S. fulfilled its obligation of aid to Panama and how the U.S. works to increase democracy in Latin America. Rep. Dornan also examined the success of "Operation Just Cause" via telephone connection.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15431-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15431-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>U.S. Policy toward Panama</title>
      <description>Mr. Kozak discussed U.S. policy towards Panama and the relations between the U.S. and Panama one year after "Operation Just Cause."</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15430-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15430-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Panamanian Press Pool</title>
      <description>The journalists were members of the Defense Department press pool that went to Panama with the American troops and covered the Panama invasion. The Pentagon designed the press pool to facilitate the press' first hand access and to help the press get "on scene" coverage. The journalists were critical of the procedure and frustrated that it was organized late and that it made access difficult.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15429-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15429-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Clips of the Panamanian Invasion</title>
      <description>The video clips are excerpts from Marlin Fitzwater and President Bush's announcement of the invasion to the press and clips from the Defense department's coverage of the events.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15441-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15441-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Panamanian Ambassador on Panama Invasion</title>
      <description>One year ago, the United States military intervened in Panama in an operation code named "Operation Just Cause."  Ambassador Vallarino looked at Panama one year after "Operation Just Cause."  He argued that both objectives of the operation had been attained:  democracy and freedom for Panamanians.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15428-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/15428-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Panamanian President Address</title>
      <description>The president of Panama requests aid for his country. Panama continues to have severe economic problems since the ouster of Fidel Castro as military dictator last year.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14337-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/14337-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>House Session</title>
      <description>The House voted to suspend the rules and pass fifteen measures: H.R. 4611, to amend the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984; H.R. 4314, regarding international commercial arbitration; H.R. 1620, regarding judicial discipline; H.R. 2690, to provide rights to visual artists; H.R. 3406, to provide for multiparty and multiforum jurisdiction; H.R.1454, regarding graduation rates of student athletes; S. 1999, to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965; H.R. 4283, to authorize expenditures for fiscal year 1991 for the Panama Canal; H.R. 3657, to amend the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; H.R. 2372, for radiation exposure compensation; H.J.Res. 520, granting the Washington transit regulation compact; H.R. 3897, for administrative conference authorization; H.R. 4757, to provide authority for Supreme Court Police; H.R. 2497, to resolve administrative disputes; H.R. 4148, for Arizona Indian water rights.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12556-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12556-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Panama &amp; Central America</title>
      <description></description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12400-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12400-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Aid to Panama &amp; Nicaragua</title>
      <description>Congressman Edwards discusses the supplemental appropriations bill pending in Congress. He is the ranking member of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12348-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12348-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Presidential News Conference</title>
      <description>The president met with reporters to urge Congress to pass his emergency foreign aid request for Nicaragua and Panama. He also answered questions on the upcoming U.S.-Soviet summit and on budget negotiations with congressional leaders.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12284-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12284-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Future of Panama</title>
      <description>President Endara's remarks concern the future of democracy in Panama and his hopes for rebuilding his country's economy. Mr. Endara was elected president in May 1989; however, dictator Manuel Noriega, declared the election results invalid. His presidency was eventually made possible by the United States' invasion of Panama in December 1989. In his first official visit to the United States, he discussed his new role as the leader of Panama and what Panama has accomplished since he assumed office.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12108-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12108-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>House Session</title>
      <description>The House agreed to H. Con. Res. 310, setting forth the congressional budget for 1991-95. Presidential messages were read concerning developments in Panama and the national emergency in Nicaragua. The House passed H.R. 743, to establish a framework for federal agencies to use in negotiated rulemaking procedures. The House passed the Quad Cities Interstate Compact.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12329-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12329-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Departure Statement from President Endara</title>
      <description></description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12321-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/12321-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Aid to Nicaragua &amp; Panama</title>
      <description>The committee reviewed the request of President Bush for aid to Panama and Nicaragua as they try to recover from severe economic depression.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/11706-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/11706-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Media Coverage of Panama</title>
      <description>Mr. Cohen discussed media coverage of the Panama invasion and the results of a recent study conducted by his organization.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/11646-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/11646-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Presidential Photo Opportunity</title>
      <description>After meeting with President Bush, Panama Vice President Ford comments to reporters in the driveway.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/11753-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/11753-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2011 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
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