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    <title>America and the Courts - Foreign Affairs &amp; Defense Recent Events - C-SPAN Video Library</title>
    <description>The most recent events for the America and the Courts - Foreign Affairs &amp; Defense Series</description>
    <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/browse?browse=series&amp;id=1</link>
    <language>en-US</language>
    <copyright>Copyright 2013, National Cable Satellite Corporation</copyright>
    <managingEditor>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</webMaster>
    <pubDate>Sat, 27 Feb 2010 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    <lastBuildDate>Wed, 19 Jun 2013 21:26:20 GMT</lastBuildDate>
    <category>America and the Courts - Foreign Affairs &amp; Defense</category>
    <item>
      <title>National Constitution Center</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Constitution and Protracted Wars&lt;br /&gt;Moot Court on the Rationing of Health Care&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=182433</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 27 Feb 2010 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Role of the Media in Covering National Security Issues</title>
      <description>Panelists talked about the role of the media in covering national security issues. Among the topics they addressed were sourcing, presentation of classified or sensitive material, research methods, and responsible journalism. They also answered questions from the audience.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/291976-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 27 Feb 2010 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals Oral Argument: Veterans for Common Sense v. Peake</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [Veterans for Common Sense v. Shinseki] Oral Argument&lt;br /&gt;Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals Oral Argument: Veterans for Common Sense v. Peake&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=178439</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2009 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>White House</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;White House Daily Briefing &lt;br /&gt;Presidential Remarks on Judge Sotomayor Confirmation&lt;br /&gt;General Jones on Presidential Visit to Mexico&lt;br /&gt;Presidential Remarks State Senator Creigh Deeds Rally&lt;br /&gt;Presidential Remarks at State Senator Creigh Deeds Fundraiser&lt;br /&gt;U.S.-Japan Relations&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=178326</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2009 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;America and the Courts&lt;br /&gt;Life on the Supreme Court&lt;br /&gt;[Mayfield v. United States] Oral Argument&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=174660</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2009 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Washington Journal</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Open Phones &lt;br /&gt;Debate on Spending for Iraq and Afghanistan&lt;br /&gt;Book Discussion on [Eyes on the Horizon]&lt;br /&gt;Supreme Court Vacancy&lt;br /&gt;Washington Journal  Program 5/14/2009&lt;br /&gt;America &amp; the Courts for Saturday, May 16th &lt;br /&gt;Washington Journal 7&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=176374</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>UC Davis School of Law</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Justice John Paul Stevens and National Security&lt;br /&gt;Justice John Paul Stevens and Liberty&lt;br /&gt;The Legacy of Justice John Paul Stevens&lt;br /&gt;Justice John Paul Stevens and Equality&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=174426</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2009 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Univ. of Texas at Austin: "Post-GITMO Era"</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Post-Guantanamo Era&lt;br /&gt;The Post-Guantanamo Era&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=173398</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>[U.S. v. Moussaoui] Oral Argument</title>
      <description>The Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia, heard oral argument in [U.S. v. Moussaoui]. The Court would decide if Zacarias Moussaoui should have his conviction overturned. Zacarias Moussaoui pleaded guilty in 2005 to six terrorism conspiracy counts. He admitted that he plotted with al-Qaeda terrorists to fly airplanes into U.S. buildings that led to the September 11, 2001, attacks. His attorneys are arguing that court-imposed secrecy undermined Mr. Moussaoui's ability to present an adequate defense. He was deprived of his constitutional rights because he was confused about the charges and did not know that other al-Qaeda members had given information to interrogators that could have cleared him. If the conviction is overturned, Mr. Moussaoui's attorneys would seek to win a new trial.
This program contained the audio recording released by the court. Still images of participants were shown on the screen as they spoke.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/285180-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Second Court of Appeals: Arar v. Ashcroft</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[Arar v. Ashcroft] Oral Arguments&lt;br /&gt;America&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=172344</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Dec 2008 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Government Surveillance</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Government Surveillance&lt;br /&gt;Celebrating Civil Liberty&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=167317</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2008 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>[U.S. Department of Defense v. the Associated Press]</title>
      <description>In New York City the Second Circuit Court of Appeals heard oral arguments on [U.S. Department of Defense v. the Associated Press]. The Court must decide if the Pentagon has to release the identities of Guantanamo Bay detainees. The case stems from a 2007 Freedom of Information Act lawsuit filed by the Associated Press (AP). The government turned over transcripts from the tribunals but redacted facts about each detainee's identity. In March 2008 a U.S. district judge rejected the government's argument that the detainees' names should be kept secret to protect their privacy rights and ordered the government to give unredacted copies of the hearings to the Associated Press.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/205288-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2008 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Judicial Review of Immigration Judges</title>
      <description>Judge Richard Allen Posner talked about the increasing number of immigration cases in the U.S. and judicial review of immigration judges at a special presentation of The Chicago Bar Association's Administrative Law Judges Committee. He criticized the asylum court system as inadequate and called for the expansion of the Board of Immigration Appeals. He called for a judicial conference on concerns about how inconsistently asylum laws are applied. He also called for better training for the Bureau of Immigration Appeals judges, especially on international issues that they need to consider.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/202325-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2008 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Role of the Justice Department in Combating Terror</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Role of the Justice Department in Combating Terror&lt;br /&gt;National Security Law Challenges&lt;br /&gt;New International Conflict Law&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=163942</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 10 Apr 2008 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The CIA and U.S. Intelligence</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The CIA and U.S. Intelligence&lt;br /&gt;Race and the 2008 Campaign&lt;br /&gt;The Future of the Supreme Court&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=164395</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 13 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>[Boumediene v. Bush] and [Al Odah v. U.S.]</title>
      <description>Justices heard oral arguments in the cases of [Boumediene v. Bush] and [Al Odah v. U.S.] involving the rights of suspected terrorists held at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and the detainee's right to challenge their detention through a writ of [habeas corpus]. Attorneys for the government and 37 Guantanamo inmates focused on whether Congress had wrongly denied prisoners judicial review of their detention, or if Congress had created an adequate alternative for prisoners to contest their detention, and whether the Constitution protected the rights of foreigners held outside the country.
 
 Photographs of the participants were shown on the screen as each person spoke.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/202767-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 13 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Extraordinary Rendition</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Democracy and National Security&lt;br /&gt;Congressional Regulation of Intelligence&lt;br /&gt;Law and Warfare&lt;br /&gt;Extraordinary Rendition&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=162819</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 16 Nov 2007 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>[Al-Marri v. Wright] Oral Arguments</title>
      <description>The Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals heard oral argument in [Al-Marri v. Wright]. The Court will decide if an alleged Al Qaeda operative arrested in the United States and detained in military custody can be held as an enemy combatant. In June 2007 a Fourth Circuit three-judge panel ruled 2 to 1 that the Bush administration cannot indefinitely imprison a U.S. resident on suspicion alone, ordering the government to either charge Al-Marri in a civilian court or release him. The government appealed to the full Fourth Circuit Court.
 
 Ali Saleh Kahlah Al-Marri, a Qatari national, was a graduate student at Bradley University in Peoria, Illinois, when he was arrested as a "material witness" in 2001. He was later charged with credit card fraud and making false statements to the FBI. Before his trial began, he was designated as an enemy combatant and transferred to a military brig in Charleston, South Carolina.
 
 This program contains audio with still images of participants as they spoke.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/201952-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 16 Nov 2007 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Executive Power in Combating Terrorism</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Roberts Court&lt;br /&gt;Executive Power in Combating Terrorism&lt;br /&gt;Guantanamo Detainees&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=159175</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 14 Sep 2007 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Domestic Surveillance Program Arguments</title>
      <description>U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco heard oral arguments in two cases on the government's warrantless wiretapping program. The Court will decide whether or not to dismiss the two cases under the "state secrets" privilege, which bars the presentation of evidence in court that could threaten national security. Lower court judges in both cases rejected the government's attempts to get the cases dismissed. 
 
 [Hepting v. AT&amp;T] was a class action on behalf of a group of AT&amp;T customers who allege that the company intercepted their phone calls and electronic mail, then disclosed the information to the NSA. 
 
 The plaintiffs in [Al-Haramain Islamic Foundation, Inc. v. Bush] were an Oregon branch of a Saudi charity that has been investigated for alleged terrorist ties. They argue that they have a top-secret document proving they were a direct target of National Security Agency surveillance.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/200464-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 14 Sep 2007 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>[Canyon County, Idaho v. Sygenta Seeds] Oral Argument</title>
      <description>The Ninth Circuit of the U.S. Court of Appeals heard oral arguments in [Canyon County, Idaho v. Sygenta Seeds].
 
 Canyon County, Idaho, appealed the district court's dismissal in favor of Sygenta Seeds, Inc. Canyon County officials allege that the county suffered as a result of the defendants' employment of large numbers of illegal immigrants. The county seeks reimbursement for millions of dollars in health care and criminal justice services it alleges it has spent on the illegal immigrants employed by the defendants in violation of federal law.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/200327-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 14 Sep 2007 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Federal Appellate Courts in 2007</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Federal Appellate Courts in 2007&lt;br /&gt;Crimes Against the International Community&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=155922</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 17 May 2007 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Open Phones</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Open Phones&lt;br /&gt;Political News Review&lt;br /&gt;U.S.-U.K. Terrorism Laws&lt;br /&gt;California 4th Congressional District Midterm Election&lt;br /&gt;Open Phones&lt;br /&gt;Immigration Policy&lt;br /&gt;Immigration Policy&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=147388</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Justice Kennedy Address</title>
      <description>U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy spoke about the importance of the rule of law and democracy during a keynote address at the opening assembly of the annual meeting of the American Bar Association. 
 At times holding back tears as he spoke, he urged more than 5,000 lawyers and judges to champion law as a "liberating force" capable of spreading justice and democracy throughout the world. He said law should respect the dignity and equality of every person and be administered universally, regardless of economic or political status. With sectarian violence erupting across the globe and religion gaining a stronghold in governments, he said, now was the time for attorneys and judges to take a place at the forefront of the campaign to herald the American system of law and governance.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/193757-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>America and the Courts</title>
      <description>On Tuesday, July 11, 2006, the Senate Judiciary Committee considered the nomination of Defense Department General Counsel William Haynes to the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. 
 
 This week's America and the Courts will include: 
 
 Opening statement from Judiciary Committee Chairman Arlen Specter; opening statement from William Haynes; and portions of the hearing with Senators Specter, Leahy, Durbin and Graham.
   
 William Haynes was first nominated to the Court of Appeals in 2003, but his nomination was not approved by the full Senate before the end of President Bush's first term. He was renominated in 2005 for the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals based in Richmond, Virginia. William Haynes faced criticism for his role in defining the interrogation tactics used on enemy combatants.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/193435-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Judiciary Committee Markup</title>
      <description>The Senate Judiciary Committee marked up pending legislation and voted on pending judicial and executive nominations.
 
 
 Most of the debate focused on NSA surveillance and monitoring programs, as well as the nomination of Brett Kavanaugh to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the D.C. Circuit. Other issues before the committee included the Marriage Protection Amendment, the National Security Surveillance Act of 2006, the Terrorist Surveillance Act of 2006, the Prosecutors and Defenders Incentive Act of 2005, a bill to provide relief for persons who refrain from electronic communication for fear of being subject to surveillance, and a joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States authorizing Congress to prohibit the physical desecration of the flag of the United States.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/192466-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Legality and National Security</title>
      <description>Judge Posner talked about intelligence gathering methods, proposed intelligence reform, and the impact of the Patriot Act on the judiciary. He also talked about privacy concerns and civil liberties.
 
 
 This breakfast meeting of the American Bar Association Standing Committee on Law and National Security was held at the University Club in Washington, D.C.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/192423-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>[Hamdan v. Rumsfeld] Oral Argument</title>
      <description>Government and plaintiff attorneys presented oral arguments in [Hamdan v. Rumsfeld] on the constitutionality of using military commissions to try al-Qaida members accused of war crimes. Among the issues addressed were precedents for using military commissions and tribunals, whether a state of war existed under which war crimes could be tried, and [habeas corpus].
 
 Salim Ahmed Hamdan, a Yemen native, served as the driver and aide to Osama Bin Laden until he was captured in Afghanistan and subsequently detained at the U.S. Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. He filed a petition of [habeas corpus] to challenge his confinement. In July 2005 the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia ruled against Hamdan, saying Congress had authorized the president to set up special tribunals. The court also ruled that detainees could not appeal based on violations of international treaties, such as the Geneva Conventions.
 
 Chief Justice Roberts recused himself from this case. He heard the case while on the D.C. Court of Appeals.
 
 This program contained audio released by the court immediately after the arguments were presented with still images of participants as they spoke. 
 
 On Thursday, June 29, 2006, the Court ruled that Congress did not take away the Court's authority to rule on the validity of military commissions. It also held that President Bush did not have the authority to set up the tribunals at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and that military commissions are illegal under both military justice law and the Geneva Convention.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/191770-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Nadarajah v. Gonzales Oral Arguments</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[Nadarajah v. Gonzales] Oral Arguments&lt;br /&gt;Judge Sidney Thomas B-roll&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=142837</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Mar 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Customary International Law</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Customary International Law&lt;br /&gt;International Law and Alien Tort Statute&lt;br /&gt;The Role of International Law&lt;br /&gt;International Law on the U.S. Supreme Court&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=141468</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>[Rumsfeld v. FAIR] Oral Argument</title>
      <description>Following some court business including the release of an opinion by Justice Thomas and admissions to the Supreme Court Bar, attorneys made oral arguments in the case of [Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic and Institutional Rights]. The case revolved around the constitutionality of the Solomon Amendment, a federal law that requires universities to allow military recruitment on campus or lose federal funds. Solicitor General Paul Clement argued for the Department of Defense. Joshua Rosenkranz argued for the Forum for Academic and Institutional Rights.
 
 A New Jersey federal court rejected FAIR's argument that the Solomon Amendment violated the First Amendment. FAIR contended that universities should not have to allow military recruitment on campus because of the exclusion of homosexuals from the military violated their non-discrimination policies. On appeal, the Third Circuit Court of Appeals reversed the lower court and ruled that the law violated the First Amendment by conditioning federal funds on allowing military recruiters on campus. 
 
 Congress originally passed the Solomon Amendment in 1994. The Department of Defense interpreted the amendment as merely requiring schools to give recruiters access to the campus, but not requiring schools to affirmatively assist the recruiters. After September 11, 2001, the Department of Defense (DoD) indicated that it interpreted the amendment to require schools to treat military recruiters in the same way that they treat all other employment recruiters. In 2004, Congress amended the Solomon Amendment to reflect the DoD policy.
 
 This program contained audio released by the court immediately after the arguments were presented with still images of participants as they spoke.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/190181-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Grand Jury News Stakeout</title>
      <description>Ms. Miller spoke to reporters after her testimony before a grand jury on an investigation into the leak of a CIA operative's name by White House officials. She had been jailed for 85 days for refusing to reveal the source of her information and spoke about her decision to testify after receiving a waiver directly from her source. She also talked about the conditions under which she gave the testimony. Following her remarks she answered questions from the reporters.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/189129-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>U.S.-Singapore Relations</title>
      <description>Following a private meeting President Bush and Prime Minister Lee talked briefly with reporters. It was Prime Minister Lee's first visit to the U.S. as prime minister. 
 
 President Bush was also asked questions on potential Supreme Court nominations and his confidence in White House adviser Karl rover after reports that he had been the source of information leaks.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/187582-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/187582-1</guid>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>[Santiago v. Rumsfeld]</title>
      <description>The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th District heard oral argument in the case of [Santiago v. Rumsfeld]. Sergeant Emiliano Santiago, a member of the Oregon Army National Guard, had two weeks left of an 8-year agreement to serve in the National Guard when was he ordered to Afghanistan for a year or more. Sergeant Santiago sought an injunction to stop his deployment to Afghanistan while he challenged the "stop loss" order that requires him to remain in the military beyond the term of his enlistment contract.
 
 After hearing oral argument, the Ninth Circuit's three-judge panel affirmed the lower court's decision in favor of the government's argument and denied an injunction to stop Sergeant Santiago's deployment to Afghanistan.
 
 The case was heard in the moot courtroom of the University of Washington School of Law.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/186185-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Book Discussion on [New York Times v. New York City Fire Department]</title>
      <description>The New York Court of Appeals heard oral argument in the matter of [The New York Times Company v. City of New York Fire Department].
 
 The [New York Times] filed a state Freedom of Information Law request in January 2002 to receive access to transcripts of radio calls, 911 calls, and 500 FDNY oral histories regarding the September 11th attacks. The FDNY denied the request, saying these materials are not public record - and in addition that they will be used in the investigation and prosecution of accused September 11 hijacker Zacarias Moussaoui. The [New York Times], supported by nine September 11 family members, appealed the denial and won a split decision. They are appealing to the state high court in an attempt to have all three categories of material made public.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/185516-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Can Saddam Hussein Receive a Fair Trial?</title>
      <description>Two legal experts debated the question of whether Saddam Hussein could receive a fair trial before the Iraqi Special Tribunal. Curtis Doebbler, a member of Saddam Hussein's legal defense team, argued that Hussein could not receive a fair trial at the hands of the tribunal. Case Western Reserve law professor Michael Scharf, a volunteer adviser to the Iraqi Special Tribunal, contended that the rules of the tribunal would provide a fair hearing of the facts. Associate Dean Hiram Chodosh moderated the debate.
 
 The debate was held by the Frederick K. Cox International Law Center in the Case Western Reserve University School of Law moot courtoom.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/184702-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>American and French Legal Systems</title>
      <description>Justice Stephen Breyer spoke to attendees of a Paris Bar Association conference on the French and American legal systems, as well as other international justice systems. Justice Breyer, fluent in several languages, spoke in French for the first two minutes of his speech.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/184404-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2006 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Open Phones</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Open Phones&lt;br /&gt;Capitol Hill Stories&lt;br /&gt;Supreme Court Review and Preview&lt;br /&gt;Electoral College Scoreboard&lt;br /&gt;Open Phones&lt;br /&gt;Book Discussion on [War and the American Presidency]&lt;br /&gt;Politics and News Review&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=125293</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Sep 2004 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Civil Liberties and the War on Terrorism</title>
      <description>Legal scholars talked about civil liberties and the war on terrorism. Among the topics they addressed were detentions of suspected terrorists, providing access to counsel, secrecy by the prosecution at trial, and law enforcement methods. Following their remarks they answered questions from the audience.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/179604-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Sep 2004 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Effects of the USA Patriot Act</title>
      <description>This is a event and includes the following programs: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Security and Privacy in the U.S.&lt;br /&gt;Effects of the USA Patriot Act&lt;br /&gt;</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/event.php?id=114220</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>The Role of the Supreme Court in a Democracy</title>
      <description>The president of Israel's Supreme Court, Aharon Barak, discussed the role of the Supreme Court in a democracy, judicial objectivity, and other legal issues with Harvard law professors Elena Kagan and Charles Fried.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/174324-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Role of the Judiciary in War on Terrorism</title>
      <description>Judge Royce Lamberth spoke about the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC). The FISC provides oversight for government surveillance of spies, terrorists, and others who serve as agents of foreign powers. The FISC considers surveillance and physical search orders from the Department of Justice and U.S. intelligence agencies. Since Congress established the FISC in 1978 more than 12,000 applications for wiretaps and covert searches have been approved and one request has been denied. This was the first time an acting Judge had spoken about the FISC in public. Judge Lamberth was appointed presiding judge of the FISC in 1995 by Chief Justice William Rehnquist. Judge Lamberth's remarks were given before the University of Texas Law School Alumni Association. Following his remarks, he responded to questions and comments from members of the audience.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/167844-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
      <category></category>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Prime Minister Speech</title>
      <description>Prime Minister Blair talked about similarities and differences in American and British legal systems. He also spoke about future changes in the British legal system as the European Union became more integrated.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/158602-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>[Minier v. CIA]</title>
      <description>Professor Cole was interviewed on the procedure of a U.S. Appeals Court and on the background of [Minier v. Central Intelligence Agency]. Then the oral argument of the case before the three-judge panel was shown. [Minier v. CIA] is a Freedom of Information case in which Mr. Minier tried to get information from the CIA as to whether a Mr. Capeheart was a CIA agent. Judge Minier said that Mr. Capeheart claimed that he was, as an agent, involved in the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, and he was appealing the CIA's refusal of his request for information. 
The case was argued on May 13, 1996, before the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco. Professor Cole was interviewed in Washington, D.C., later in the month.</description>
      <link>http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/72641-1</link>
      <author>info@c-spanarchives.org (National Cable Satellite Corporation)</author>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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